Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Do not disregard evil, "It will not come to me!"
Falling drops of water can fill up even a water jar.
The fool fills himself up with evil, even if collecting
it just little by little.
ma avamabbetha
papassa na maj
taj agamissati
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neg. V.act.
N.n. neg. Pron. Pron.n.
V.act.
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Gen.Sg. | Acc.Sg. Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.fut.
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List of Abbreviations
uda+bindu+nipatena uda+kumbho
pi purati
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N.n. N.m. N.m. N.n.
N.m. conj. V.act.in.
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| Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres.
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List of Abbreviations
balo
purati papassa
thoka+thokam pi acinaj
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N.m. V.act.in.
N.n. Adj. Adv. conj. Adj.m.
Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres. Gen.Sg. |______|
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ma, neg.: not, do not. Used with verbs in imperative instead of the more usual negative particle na.
avamabbetha,
V.: to disregard, to consider insignificant. The verb root is man- (to
think) with the prefix ava- (down, low). 2.Pl.act.imp. = avamabbetha.
Euphonic combination: ma
+ avamabbetha = mavamabbetha
papassa: papa-, Adj.: evil, wrong. As an N.n.: evil, wrong doing. Gen.Sg. = papassa.
na, neg.: not.
maj: Pron. aham-, I. Acc.Sg.: maj.
taj: Pron. tad-, that. Nom.Sg.n. = taj.
List of Abbreviations
agamissati,
V.: will come. The verb root is gam- (to go) with the prefix a-
(towards).
3.Sg.act.fut. = agamissati.
udabindunipatena:
udabindunipata-, N.m.: fall of water
drops. It is a compound of:
uda-, N.n.: water.
bindu-, N.m.: drop.
nipata-,
N.m.: falling down. It is derived from the verb root pat- (fall)
with the prefix ni- (down).
Ins.Sg. = udabindunipatena.
udakumbho: udakumbha-, N.m.: water jar.
It is a compound of:
uda-, N.n.: water.
kumbha-, N.m.: jar, pitcher.
Nom.Sg. = udakumbho.
pi, conj.: also, even, too.
List of Abbreviations
purati, V.: becomes full. The verb root is pur- (to fill, to be full) 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = purati.
balo: bala-, Adj.: childish, young. As an N.m.: "like a child", fool, ignorant person. Nom.Sg. = balo.
purati: see above.
papassa: see above.
thokathokam, Adv.: little by little. It is composed
of two words thoka-, Adj.: little, small.
As an adverb: thokathokam.
pi, conj.: also, even, too.
acinaj: acinant-, Adj.: gathering, collecting. It is an. a.pr.p. of the verb root ci- (to heap, to collect) with the prefix a- (towards). Nom.Sg.m. = acinaj.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of three syntactically
separate sentences. They are:
1) mavamabbetha
papassa na maj
taj agamissati
(do not disregard evil, "It will not come to me!"). This can be further
subdivided into the main sentence a) and the direct speech b):
a) mavamabbetha
papassa (do not disregard evil). The subject
is omitted. The second person plural pronoun is implied. The verb is avamabbetha
(disregard, 2nd person, plural, active, imperative). It is negated
by the negative particle ma (do not).
The object is the adjective/noun papassa
(of evil, genitive singular).
b) na maj
taj agamissati
(it will not come to me). The subject is the personal pronoun taj
(it, nominative singular). The verb is agamissati
(will come, 3rd person, singular, active, future). It is negated
by the negative particle na (not). The object is the personal pronoun
maj (to me, accusative singular).
2) udabindunipatena
udakumbho pi purati (falling drops of
water can fill up even a water jar). The subject is the compound udakumbho
(water jar, nominative singular). It is modified by the conjunction pi
(even). The verb is purati (becomes
full, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense).
It has an attribute, the compound udabindunipatena
(by falling water drops, instrumental singular).
3) balo
purati papassa
thokathokam pi acinaj
(the fool fills himself up with evil, even if collecting it just little
by little). The subject is the noun balo
(fool, nominative singular). It has an attribute, the active present participle
acinaj
(collecting, nominative singular). This word also has an attribute, the
adverb thokathokaj (little by little).
It is modified by the conjunction pi (even). The verb is purati
(becomes full, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present
tense). The object is the adjective/noun papassa
(of evil, genitive singular).
A certain monk would use a piece of
furniture for some time and then leave it outside in the monastery yard,
exposing it to sun and rain. Other monks tried to admonish him, but he
always said only that it is not his intention to destroy the things, and
that no serious harm was actually done.
When the Buddha found out about this,
he sent for the monk and told him this verse, saying that one should not
disregard evil, however small, because a hundred small evils is actually
equal to one big evil. Moreover, if one gets used to small evils, a bad
habit is established, and a great evil then does not seem so terrible to
such a person.
Word pronunciation:
ma
avamabbetha
papassa
na
maj
taj
agamissati
udabindunipatena
uda
bindu
nipatena
udakumbho
kumbho
pi
purati
balo
thokathokam
thoka
acinaj