Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
[continued from DhP 195].
Those who pay respects to such emancipated and fearless
ones,
nobody is able to calculate their merit as such and such.
te
tadise pujayato
nibbute akutobhaye
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Pron.m. Adj.m. Adj.m. Adj.m.
Adj.m.
Acc.Pl. Acc.Pl. Gen.Sg. Acc.Pl.
Acc.Pl.
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List of Abbreviations
na sakka pubbaj
savkhatuj
imam ettam iti
kenaci
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neg. Adv. N.n.
V.inf. Pron.n. Pron.n part.
Pron.m.
|_____| Acc.Sg.
| Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg.
| Ins.Sg.
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te: tat-, Pron.: that. Masculine form sa. Acc.Pl. = te.
tadise: tadisa-, Adj.: such. Acc.Pl.m. = tadise.
pujayato: pujayant-, Adj.: worshipping, paying respects. It is an a.pr.p. of the verb root puj- (to worship). Gen.Sg.m. = pujayato.
nibbute: nibbuta-, Adj.: emancipated, free, reached the Nirvana. It is a p.p. of the verb root va- (to blow) with the prefix ni- (off, out). Loc.Pl.m. = nibbute.
akutobhaye: akutobhaya-, Adj.: having nothing
to fear from anywhere, with no reason for fear. It is the word kutobhaya-,
Adj.: whence fear, why fear; negated by the negative prefix a-.
This word is a compound of:
kuto, Adv.: where from?, whence?,
why?
bhaya-, N.n.: fear, dread.
Acc.Pl.m. = akutobhaye.
na, neg.: not.
List of Abbreviations
sakka: sakka-, Adj.: able, possible. As an Adv.: sakka = possible.
pubbaj: pubba-, N.n.: good deed, meritorious deed, merit. Acc.Sg. = pubbaj.
savkhatuj, V.inf.: to calculate, to count, to enumerate. The verb root is kha- (to count) with the prefix saj- (together).
imam: idaj, Pron.: this. Nom.Sg.n. = imam.
ettam: etad, Pron.: this. Nom.Sg.n. = etam.
The form ettam is very irregular.
Euphonic combination: imam + etam = imettam.
iti, part.: a particle, symbolizing the end of direct speech. In English this is expressed by quotation marks. Sometimes it is written as ti.
kenaci: kibci, Pron.: whatever. Ins.Sg.m. = kenaci.
List of Abbreviations
The subject is the pronoun kenaci
(by whomever, instrumental singular). The verb is in infinitive,
savkhatuj
(to calculate). It has an attribute, the adverb sakka
(able) negated by the negative particle na (not). The object is
the noun pubbaj
(merit, accusative singular). It has the active present participle pujayato
(of the one who is paying respects, genitive singular) as an attribute.
This word has four attributes, the pronoun te (those, accusative
plural) and the adjectives tadise (such
ones, accusative plural), nibbute (emancipated ones, accusative
plural) and akutobhaye (fearless, with nothing to fear; accusative
plural).
There is a clause, dependent on the
verb: imettam iti. There are two subjects, imam (this,
nominative singular) and ettam (this, nominative singular). The
particle iti (marks the end of the direct speech) connects the clause to
the main sentence.
The story for this verse is identical
with the story for the previous one (DhP 195).
It is important to pay respects to
those who are most worthy of it. That means basically the Buddha and his
followers. By paying our respects to them, we are able to gain the most
merit. Paying respects to other people is also beneficial, but can never
be as good as honoring the Buddha.
Word pronunciation:
te
tadise
pujayato
nibbute
akutobhaye
kuto
bhaye
na
sakka
pubbaj
savkhatuj
imettam
imaj
ettam
iti
kenaci