Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Very happily indeed we live, without greed amongst greedy
ones.
Amongst greedy people we dwell without greed.
susukhaj vata
jivama
ussukesu anussuka
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Adv.
part. V.act.in. Adj.m. Adj.m.
|__________| 1.Pl.pres. Loc.Pl.
Nom.Pl.
|___________|
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|_____________|
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List of Abbreviations
ussukesu manussesu viharama
anussuka
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Adj.m. N.m.
V.act.in. Adj.m.
Loc.Pl. Loc.Pl. 1.Pl.pres.
Nom.Pl.
|___________|
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|______________|
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susukhaj, Adv.: very happily. It is derived from the word sukha-, Adj.: happy, with the prefix su- (well, good).
vata, part.: indeed, certainly.
jivama, V.: (we) live. The verb root is jiv-. 1.Pl.act.in.pres. = jivama.
ussukesu: ussuka-, Adj.: greedy, longing for something. Loc.Pl.m. = ussukesu.
List of Abbreviations
anussuka: anussuka-, Adj.: without greed. It is the word ussuka- (see above) with the negative prefix an-. Nom.Pl.m. = anussuka.
ussukesu: see above.
manussesu: manussa-, N.m.: human, person, man. Loc.Pl. = manussesu.
viharama, V.: (we) stay, dwell, live. The verb root is har- (to carry) with the prefix vi- (denoting separation). Thus viharati, V.: to live, to stay, to dwell. 1.Pl.act.in.pres. = viharama.
anussuka: see above.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of two syntactically
separate sentences. They are:
1) susukhaj
vata jivama ussukesu
anussuka (very happily indeed we live,
without greed amongst greedy ones). The subject is the adjective anussuka
(without greed, nominative plural). The verb is jivama
(we live, 1st person, plural, active, indicative, present tense).
It has two attributes, the adverb susukhaj
(very happily) and the adjective ussukesu (amongst greedy ones,
locative plural). The particle vata (indeed) serves mainly for metrical
purposes.
2) ussukesu manussesu viharama
anussuka (amongst greedy people we dwell
without greed). The subject is the adjective anussuka
(without greed, nominative plural). The verb is viharama
(we dwell, 1st person, plural, active, indicative, present tense).
It has an attribute, the noun manussesu (amongst people, locative
plural). This word has itself an attribute, the adjective ussukesu
(amongst greedy ones, locative plural).
The story for this verse is identical
with the story for the two previous verses (DhP 197, DhP 198).
Word pronunciation:
susukhaj
vata
jivama
ussukesu
anussuka
manussesu
viharama