Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
There never was, never will be and even now does not exist
a person who is only blamed or only praised.
na ca
ahu na ca bhavissati na
ca etarahi vijjati
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neg. conj. V.act. neg. conj.
V.act. neg. conj. Adv. V.pas.in.
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List of Abbreviations
ekantaj nindito
poso ekantaj va
pasajsito
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Adv. Adj.m.
N.m. Adv. conj. Adj.m.
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Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg. |
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na, neg.: not.
ca, conj.: and.
ahu, V.: was. The verb root is (b)hu-
(to be). 3.Sg.act.aor. = ahu.
Euphonic combination: ca + ahu = cahu.
na: see above.
ca: see above.
bhavissati, V.: (I) will be. The verb root is bhu-. 3.Sg.act.fut. = bhavissati.
List of Abbreviations
na: see above.
ca: see above.
etarahi, Adv.: now, at present.
Euphonic combination: ca + etarahi = cetarahi.
vijjati, V.: exists, is found. The verb root is vid- (to find). 3.Sg.pas.in.pres. = vijjati.
ekantaj: ekanta-,
Adj.: one-sided. It is a compound of:
eka-, Num.: one.
anta-, N.m.: end.
Euphonic combination: eka- + anta- = ekanta-.
Acc.Sg. = ekantaj
Here as an Adv.: absolutely, only.
List of Abbreviations
nindito: nindita-, Adj.: blamed. It is a p.p. of the verb root nind- (to blame). Nom.Pl.m. = nindito.
poso: posa-, N.m.: person. It is a contraction of the word purisa-, N.m.: person. Nom.Sg. = poso.
ekantaj: see above.
va, conj.: or.
pasajsito: pasajsita-, Adj.: praised. It is a p.p. of the verb root sajs- (to proclaim, to point out) with the strengthening prefix pa-. Nom.Sg.m. = pasajsito.
List of Abbreviations
The subject of this sentence is the
noun poso (person, nominative singular). It has two attributes,
the past participles nindito (blamed, nominative singular) and pasajsito
(praised, nominative singular). They both have one attribute each; in both
cases it is the adverb ekantaj (only).
Both attributes are connected by the conjunction va
(or). There are three verbs in this sentence, ahu (was, 3rd
person, singular, active, aorist), bhavissati (will be, 3rd
person, singular, active, future) and vijjati (exists, 3rd
person, singular, passive, indicative, present tense). The last of them
has an attribute, the adverb etarahi (now). All three verbs are
negated by negative particles na (not) and connected by conjunctions
ca (and).
The story for this verse is identical
with the one for the previous verse (DhP 227) and the following verses
(DhP 229, DhP 230).
Even the best of people are always
blamed by somebody for something. Gandhi was killed although he was very
close to what we call "a saint". Therefore, even if we encounter someone
who is hostile to us, we should not feel hatred or enmity.
Word pronunciation:
na
ca
ahu
bhavissati
etarahi
vijjati
ekantaj
eka
antaj
nindito
poso
va
pasajsito