Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
The streams flow everywhere. The creeper sprung up and
stands firm.
Having seen that creeper grown, cut off its root with
your wisdom.
savanti sabbadhi sota
lata ubbhijja titthati
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V.act.in. Adv. N.m.
N.f. V.ger. V.act.in.
3.Pl.pres. |
Nom.Pl. Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres.
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List of Abbreviations
taj
ca disva lataj
jataj mulaj
pabbaya chindatha
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Pron.f. conj. V.ger. N.f.
Adj.f. N.n. N.f.
V.act.
Acc.Sg. |
| Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg. Ins.Sg. 2.Pl.imp.
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savanti, V.: flow. The verb root is su- (to flow). 3.Pl.act.in.pres. = savanti.
sabbadhi, Adv.: everywhere, in every respect.
sota: sota-, N.m.: stream. Nom.Pl. = sota.
lata: lata-, N.f.: creeper, creeping plant. Nom.Sg. = lata.
ubbhijja, V.ger.: having sprung up, having burst upwards. The verb root is bhid- (to break) with the prefix ud- (up).
titthati, V.: stands. The verb root is tha-. 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = titthati.
taj: tad-, Pron.: that. Acc.Sg.f.: taj.
List of Abbreviations
ca, conj.: and.
disva, V.: having seen. It is a ger. of the verb dis-, to see.
lataj: lata-, N.f.: see above. Acc.Sg. = lataj.
jataj: jata-, Adj.: born, grown, become. It is a p.p. of the verb jan- (to be born). Acc.Sg.f. = jataj.
mulaj: mula-, N.n.: root, ground, foundation. Acc.Sg. = mulaj.
pabbaya: pabba-, N.f.: wisdom. Ins.Sg. = pabbaya.
chindatha, V.: cut off, destroy. The verb root is chid-. 2.Pl.act.imp. = chindatha.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of three syntactically
separate sentences. They are:
1) savanti sabbadhi sota
(the streams flow everywhere). The subject is the noun sota
(streams, nominative plural). The verb is savanti (flow, 3rd
person, plural, active, indicative, present tense). It has an attribute,
the adverb sabbadhi (everywhere).
2) lata
ubbhijja titthati (the creeper sprung
up and stands firm). The subject is the noun lata
(creeper, nominative singular). The verb is titthati
(stands, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense).
It has an attribute, the gerund ubhijja (having sprung up).
3) taj
ca disva lataj
jataj mulaj
pabbaya chindatha (having seen that creeper
grown, cut off its root with your wisdom). This can be further analysed
into two segments:
a) taj
ca disva lataj
jataj (having
seen that creeper grown). The subject is omitted. The verb is in gerund,
disva (having seen). The object is
the noun lataj (creeper, accusative
singular). It has two attributes, the past participle jataj
(grown, accusative singular) and the pronoun taj
(that, accusative singular). The conjunction ca (and) serves mainly
for metrical purposes.
b) mulaj
pabbaya chindatha (cut off its root with
your wisdom). The subject is omitted; the verb implies the second person
plural pronoun. The verb is chindatha (cut off, 2nd person,
plural, active, imperative). It has an attribute, the noun pabbaya
(with wisdom, instrumental singular). The object is the noun mulaj
(root, accusative singular).
The story for this verse is identical
with the one for the two previous verses (DhP 338 and DhP 339) and with
the three following verses (DhP 341, DhP 342 and DhP 343).
The streams in this verse are identical
with the thirty-six streams from the previous verse (DhP 339). The creeper
means passion. It has to be cut off completely with the wisdom gained in
meditation practice in order to enable us to reach the Awakenment.
Word pronunciation:
savanti
sabbadhi
sota
lata
ubbhijja
titthati
taj
ca
disva
lataj
jataj
mulaj
pabbaya
chindatha