Gāthā Sentence Translation Sentence Structure
Vocabulary&Grammar Commentary Pronunciation
List of Abbreviations

evaṃ saṅkārabhūtesu andhabhūte puthujjane

atirocati paññāya sammāsambuddhasāvako

(DhP 59)



Sentence Translation:

Thus, amidst the dust-like beings, amongst ignorant ordinary people,
The disciple of the truly and completely Awakened One magnificently shines with wisdom.



Sentence Structure:

List of Abbreviations

evaṃ saṅkāra+bhūtesu andha+bhūte puthu+jjane
|             |            |            |         |         |        |

Adv.   N.m.      N.m.     Adj.  Adj.m.  Adj.  N.m.

|             |        Loc.Pl.      |    Loc.Sg.    |    Loc.Sg.

|             |_______|           |_____|          |____|

|                    |                      |__________|

|                    |_________________|

|                                   |______________________________________I.

|__________________________________________________________II.

List of Abbreviations

   atirocati    paññāya sammā+sambuddha+sāvako
       |                 |           |               |              |

V.act.in.          N.f.      Adv.         N.m.       N.m.

3.Sg.pres.     Ins.Sg.       |________|         Nom.Sg.

I.___|                |                   |____________|

     |__________|                              |

              |______________________|

II.________________|



Vocabulary and Grammar:

List of Abbreviations

evaṃ, Adv.: thus.

saṅkārabhūtesu: saṅkārabhūta-, N.m.: "dust-being". It is a compound of:
    saṅkāra-, N.m.: rubbish, dust. Originally from saṃ- + kar- (to mix together).

    bhūta-, N.m.: living being. Originally it is a p.p. of the verb bhū- (to be).

Loc.Pl. = saṅkārabhūtesu.

andhabhūte: andhabhūta-, blinded, ignorant, not knowing.
    andha-, Adj.: blind.

    bhūta-, Adj.: being, having become. It is a p.p. of the verb bhū- (to be) as above,

    but the meaning is different.

Loc.Sg.m. = andhabhūte.

List of Abbreviations

puthujjane: puthujjana-, N.m.: ordinary person.
    puthu-, Adj.: various, many, most.

    jana-, N.m.: human being, person.

Euphonic combination: puthu- + jana- = puthujjana-.

Loc.Sg. = puthujjane.

atirocati, V.: shines magnificently. It is the verb root ruc- (to shine) with the prefix ati- (extremely). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = atirocati.

paññāya: paññā-, N.f.: wisdom. Ins.Sg. = paññāya.

List of Abbreviations

sammāsambuddhasāvako: sammāsambuddhasāvaka-, N.m.: student of the truly and completely Awakened One. It is a compound of:
    sammāsambuddha-, N.m.: truly and completely Awakened One. This denotes the

    Buddha Shakyamuni. It can be further analyzed as:

        sammā, Adv.: properly, rightly, as it should be, truly.

        sambuddha-, Adj.: completely awakened. It is a p.p. of the verb sam+budh-, to awaken

        completely.
Prefix sam- denotes the completeness of the action, "together", "wholy".
        The verb budh- means to wake up.

    sāvaka-, N.m.: , "listener", student, pupil. It is derived from the verb root su- (to hear, to listen).

Nom.Sg. = sammāsambuddhasāvako.

List of Abbreviations

    The subject of this sentence is the word sammāsambuddhasāvako (the disciple of the truly and completely Awakened One, nominative singular). The verb is atirocati (magnificently shines, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). Main attribute to the verb is the noun paññāya (by wisdom, instrumental singular). There are two more attributes of place, saṅkārabhūtesu (amongst dust-like beings, locative plural) and puthujjane (amongst ordinary people, locative singular). This last noun has itself one attribute, the adjective andhabhūte (ignorant, blinded, locative singular). The adverb evaṃ (thus) introduces the sentence and connects it to the previous one (DhP 58).



Commentary:

    The story to this verse is identical to the previous one.
    Just as a lotus can grow in a dirty place, but does not become stained by it, so a true disciple of the Buddha lives in this world, but is not dirtied by it in any way.



Sentence pronunciation:

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:
 
evaṃ

saṅkārabhūtesu

saṅkāra

bhūtesu

andhabhūte

andha

bhūte

puthujjane

puthu

jane

atirocati

paññāya

sammāsambuddhasāvako

sammāsambuddha

sammā

sambuddha

sāvako