"Therefore, then, Sariputra, perceiving this
benefit I speak thus..."

    Sakyamuni Buddha continues by starting a
summation of the answer to the question asked
in issue #131, namely tat kasmad-d-hetoh? "Why
should living beings make the vow for that
Buddhaland of Amitabha Buddha?" The issues in
between have stated reasons, culminating in the
certitude of being lead by the Buddha Amitabha
and a host of Bodhisattvas and Sound Hearers
to the Land of Happiness when the end of one's
life comes.  tasmat "therefore" is linked with
the following word in writing here, but is a
separate word.  In form it is ablative singular
neuter of the demonstrative pronoun, and means
literally "from this" or "from that."  tarhi
"then" is an indeclinable from tad-hi the
pronunciation having gradually altered.

    Sariputra is, as usual, the vocative case
(the case of direct address) of the name of
the disciple to whom the Buddha is speaking:
the Venerable and wise "Sariputra."  The verb
of the sentence is preceded  by a participle
sampasyamana (sampasyamanas before the sound
change at the end took place and final -s was
lost before the vowel that begins the next
word).  It means "perceiving," and is in form
an adjective agreeing with the subject of the
main verb--the Buddha speaking of himself in
the first person singular--and so is nominative
singular masculine.  It is composed of prefix
sam- and root û pas-, literally "seeing together"
but amounting to"seeing/perceiving/considering."
-ya- is the suffix that forms the verbal stem,
here the present stem. This verb is only used
in the present tense, another  root û drs- being
used to express "see"  in other tenses.  -mana
is  the participial  suffix for the present
participle in the middle voice.

     idam "this" was discussed before.   Here
it agrees with the noun arthavasam "benefit."
They are, again, two separate words which are
linked together in the writing system, and so
each has the -m final ending of the accusative
singular masculine.  The compound arthavasa is
a combination of the two masculine nouns artha
"benefit/reason/meaning" and vasa "power/wi11,"
but it is virtually equivalent to just artha.
vadami "I speak" is present active indicative
from root û vad- "speak," and evam means "thus."