|
|
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
志工利他行與心靈療癒 ─ 以慈濟志工為例=The Altruistic Volunteering Works and Psychological Transcendence - Giving the Example of Tzu Chi |
|
|
|
| Author |
何日生 (著)=Her, Rey-sheng (au.)
|
|---|
| Source |
玄奘佛學研究=Hsuan Chuang Journal of Buddhism Studies
|
|---|
| Volume | n.30 |
|---|
| Date | 2018.09 |
|---|
| Pages | 31 - 60 |
|---|
| Publisher | 玄奘大學 |
|---|
| Publisher Url |
http://ird.hcu.edu.tw/front/bin/home.phtml
|
|---|
| Location | 新竹市, 臺灣 [Hsinchu shih, Taiwan] |
|---|
| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
|---|
| Language | 中文=Chinese |
|---|
| Note | 作者為慈濟大學醫學院副教授、政治大學公共行政研究所副教授。 |
|---|
| Keyword | 行動=action; 慈濟=Tzu Chi; 志工=volunteer; 價值=value; 心靈=spirit; 物命; 環境; 療癒; 自性; transcendence; material |
|---|
| Abstract | 人類心靈的狀態包含著知識、思想與情感。一個人的心靈強健與否，乃決定於個人的知識、思想與情感的狀態，而行動結合著這三者狀態，也改變這三者的狀態。
我們從個案觀察研究歸結，行動改變思想，行動改變情感，行動獲取知識，行動改變人的心靈狀態。
利他的行動，具備著價值的行動，讓人的心靈更為健康，更為積極，更具備力量。
我們以慈濟志工的利他行動作長期的觀察與研究，得出利他行動中，個人改變其既定的思想與情感框架；志工的服務在提升其生命的價值中，也強大他的心靈。
心靈療癒透過心理分析的自我了解是無法痊癒的，了解是認知的，甚至還不是思想的，思想的轉變與情感的覺醒是必須由行動來轉化。因此本文從大衛霍金斯（David Hawking）提出價值與慈悲會改變一個人的心靈力，說明慈濟志工在證嚴上人提出的價值中得到生命的力量。我們也從皮耶．布爾迪厄（Pierre Bourdieu）的人與物的關聯理論中，證實人在糾處物質的同時，會轉化他的心靈，如慈濟環保志工作資源回收，也同時「回收」他們的心靈力。我們從維果斯基的理論中，理解人是透過他人的行為學習，因此本文說明了心靈的療癒與環境的關係，慈濟的境教，讓志工在慈善、醫療與環保的的環境中，心靈得到療癒與正向的力量。
因此本文形成「價值、行動、物質、他人」，而這四者的關係，影響著人的心靈療癒與健康。行動中我們接觸的物質與環境，行動中我們接觸的人，直接影響我們的心靈狀態，而更重要的是這當中所呈現的價值體系，直接賦予這三者關鍵性的內涵與方向。是價值，讓我們在行動中，在物質環境中，在與他人接觸中，重新療癒，找回自我生命的力量。
Human's mind covey knowledge, thought, and sentiment. Man's spirit is determined by the structures of one's knowledge, ideology and sentiment. It is action itself combines and forms these three elements. According to empirical observation, action changes one's ideology and sentiment, and decides the way we receive knowledge. Action changes the state of one's spirit, especially, the altruistic action. The action with value shall bring people into a healthier, energetic and stronger state of spirit. As I conduct the researches on Tzu Chi volunteers for many years and bring me to conclude that the altruistic action changes the state of volunteers' minds, and value system that been empowered and given to volunteers also contribute their establishment of positive spirituality.
Spiritual transcendence and alleviation may not be achieved by merely psychological analysis, for understanding is not adequate to alleviate spiritual suffering. It is only through action one can achieve the transcendence of spirituality. David Hawking stated that value and compassion would change the spiritual states of people. It is very true from my research on Tzu Chi that volunteers acquire spiritual strength from committed value that advocated and reinforced often by Venerable Cheng Yen. Pierre Bourdieu proposes that the materials which people contact with shall change one's disposition, and this theory also been proved by Tzu Chi recycling volunteers when they engaged in the environmental mission. Lev Semenovich Vygotsky believed that people learn knowledge and ideologies form the person that he interacted with often. Therefore, material, person and value that merged into action shall contribute the spiritual transcendence of volunteers.
It is the value system that appears in volunteer's action and transfers into the material and the person, that specific action engaged with, produce the strength of spirituality to volunteers. The senior Tzu Chi volunteers empower the value to the junior volunteers and build the social milieu that enables the core value of Tzu Chi to be applied and actualized. The milieu that built by Tzu Chi contributes the spiritual transcendence of volunteers who might have been suffered in psychological disorder.
This essay aims to elaborate the connections between, value, action, material and person that intertwined altogether to impact the state of human spirit. The material we interacted in action, the person we engaged in our life, all contribute to the state of our spirits. Especially, it is the value system that people uphold determines the alleviation and transcendence of human spirit.
|
|---|
| Table of contents | 一、前言：心靈療癒與志工利他之行為理論 35
價值改變心靈 36
行動、價值與環境 38
二、愛物命與心靈療癒 39
實踐與心理建構：真實的定義是我們實踐了真實 40
環保回收與身具足的心靈 41
愛的支持與心靈建構 43
三、境教與心靈療癒 44
四、專注力與心靈療癒 47
環保回收與心理症的療癒 48
五、醫療志工與心靈療癒 50
醫療即道場與心的淨化 52
六、捨心之於死亡的恐懼與轉化 53
七、生死解脫與志工參與 57
八、總結 58 |
|---|
| ISSN | 18133649 (P) |
|---|
| Hits | 331 |
|---|
| Created date | 2020.03.18 |
|---|
| Modified date | 2020.04.28 |
|---|
 |
Best viewed with Chrome, Firefox, Safari(Mac) but not supported IE
|
|
|
