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尊勝佛頂陀羅尼壇法=The Ritual of the Buddhoṣṇīṣa Vijaya Dhāraṇī Maṇḍala |
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| Author |
篠原亨一 (著)=Shinohara, Koichi (au.)
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| Source |
華林國際佛學學刊=Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies
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| Volume | v.1 n.2 《佛教藝術》專刊 |
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| Date | 2018.10 |
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| Pages | 166 - 198 |
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| Publisher | World Scholastic Publishers |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.worldscholastic.com/
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| Location | Singapore [新加坡] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Keyword | 儀式=Ritual; 空間=space; 佛教=Buddhism; 曼荼羅=maṇḍala; 佛頂=Buddhoṣnīṣa; 觀想=visualization; 密教=Esoteric Buddhism; 不空=Amoghavajra; 善無畏=Śubhākarasiṃha |
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| Abstract | 在這篇論文中，我將要檢視觀想曼荼羅這種的行法，特別是其中特殊的一種——尊勝佛頂曼荼羅。觀想的引入，徹底地改變了密教儀式的修行方式，它讓物質形像變得多餘。但頗具諷刺意味的是，它同時又將那些曼荼羅（原先被標示在地方的儀式空間），變成各種神祇的形像、觀想的對象，甚至曼荼羅自身就是神祇的形像或觀想的對象。
我將通過考察尊勝佛頂崇拜的各種儀式，來追溯上述變化的發展過程。在《佛頂最勝陀羅尼經》（《大正藏》編號967-971、974A）中，曼荼羅被構建在地面上，行道者于其上念誦陀羅尼。此經的一個版本提到諸佛降臨並讚揚行道者，但此經諸版本均無有意識觀想的說明。不空所譯的《佛頂尊勝陀羅尼念誦儀軌法》（《大正藏》編號972）包含了在地面上構建曼荼羅以及觀想此曼荼羅的說明。善無畏所譯《尊勝佛頂修瑜伽法儀軌》（《大正藏》編號973）則首次給出了觀想曼荼羅的簡要說明，並隨即給出了一份關於繪製本尊形像的單獨說明。這兩份儀軌共同說明了地上構建的曼荼羅如何變成一個沒有物質形態的觀想呈現。
In this paper I examine the practice of visualizing maṇḍalas, focusing on one specific example, the maṇḍala called Buddhoṣṇīṣa Vijaya (Zunsheng foding 尊勝佛頂). The introduction of visualization practice profoundly transformed Esoteric Buddhist ritual practice. It made physical images redundant, but ironically it also turned maṇḍalas, originally ritual spaces marked on the ground, into images of deities and objects of visualization in and of themselves. I trace this development by looking at the rituals for the cult of the deity Buddhoṣnīṣa Vijaya. In the Dhāraṇī Sūtra for Buddhoṣṇīṣa Vijaya (T no. 967–971; 974A) a maṇḍala is constructed on the ground, at which the practitioner recites the dhāraṇī. One version mentions the vision of the Buddhas arriving and praising the practitioner, but no instruction for deliberate visualization is given in the sūtras. The Recitation Manual for Buddhoṣṇīṣa Vijaya Dhāraṇī (T no. 972) attributed to Amoghavajra’s translation contains instructions for constructing a maṇḍala on the ground as well as instructions for visualizing the maṇḍala. The Manual for Buddhoṣṇīṣa Vijaya Yoga Practice (T no. 973) attributed to Śubhākarasiṃha first offers a brief instruction for visualizing the maṇḍala and then a separate instruction for painting the central deity’s image. Together these two manuals illustrate how the maṇḍala constructed on the ground gradually became an immaterial visualized representation. |
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| Table of contents | 引言 167
1.《佛頂最勝陀羅尼經》中的曼荼羅 170
2. 不空《佛頂尊勝陀羅尼念誦儀軌法》（《大正藏》編號 972） 172
3. 善無畏《尊勝佛頂脩瑜伽法軌儀》（《大正藏》編號 973） 177
（1）教義框架 179
（2）五輪觀念 180
（3）曼荼羅灌頂儀式 181
（4）形像繪製 183
（5）構建曼荼羅 191
4. 結論 194
參考文獻 196 |
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| ISSN | 27050742 (P) |
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| DOI | 10.6939/HIJBS.201810_1(2).0005 |
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| Hits | 220 |
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| Created date | 2021.03.03 |
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| Modified date | 2021.03.18 |
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