北魏高祖の漢化政策についての一考察：北族社会の変質との関係から見た=A Study of Kao-tsu's 高祖 Sinification Policy during the Pei-wei 北魏 Dynasty - The Relationship between the Sinification Policy and Changes in Pei-tsu 北族 Society
Prior to Kao-tsu's reformation there were many symbols providing the linkage with the Pei-tsu group (a ruling group composed of Hsien-pei 鮮卑 and others in the Pei-wei period). Specifically these symbols consisted of a joint ceremony of heavenly celebration (in Nan-chiao 南郊 and Hsi-chiao 西郊), the common language of Pei-tsu, a typical northern people's marriage pattern derived from the period of the T'o-pa 拓跋 clans, and a unique system of government organization (Nei-ch'ao 内朝). By the time of Kao-tsu's reformation, however, these symbols had already ceased to provide an effective union. Therefore, we may assume that most of these symbols had been undermined by the Pei-wei's assimilation with the main Chinese society. Thus, I conclude that the Pei-tsu group was on the point of collapse immediately prior to the reformation. In the reformation, Kao-tsu abolished the unifying symbols. He pursued such a policy in order to dissolve the Pei-tsu group and thus become the true ruler of Chung-yüan 中原.
