民國時期(1912-1937)漢傳佛教的現代化轉折 — 兼談藏傳佛教傳入民間的互涉與影響=The Modernization Turn of Chinese Buddhism in the Republic Era (1912-1937): And the Spreading of Tibetan Buddhism in China with its Effects
In the beginning of the Republic Era, the Chinese society had changed a lot through the western trends and abruptly political revolution. Under such a big social context of transformation, the traditional Chinese Buddhism had been influenced and modified in a great scale, by the way of scientific concerns and modernization, developed a total different outlook which we might call it "the modernized turn" of Chinese Buddhism. Based on this proposition, it will be focused on the reformations of Chinese Buddhism in this period to explore the complicate interactions in the social, cultural and religious levels. From three kinds of people who are reformist monks, famous laymen, and leading Buddhist scholars played the main roles to launch and provoke the Buddhist reformation, it could reveal the content of first stage of modernization in Chinese Buddhism and its significant changes. Meanwhile, the Tibetan Buddhism became wide-spreading gradually in Chinese society for the first time; therefore, the impacts and effects of related phenomena will be discussed on goings as another aspect of modernization of Chinese Buddhism, and according to Jurgen Habermas's definition of modernization, in the sense of multiple disciplines and social communication. At the same time, from the innovation and modernization of this stage, it can be a good reference to reflect the continuing modernity turn of Chinese Buddhism in Taiwan.
