因材施教與教學上的人我分際－－以《論語》、《阿含經》和《大般若經》為根據=Teaching in Accordance with the Students' Aptitudes and the Distinction between Oneself and Others according to "the Analects of Confucius", "the Aagamas", and "the Sutras of the Perfection of Wisdom"
This study develops an integrative framework to understand two educational doctrines. One is the doctrine of teaching in accordance with the students' aptitudes, and the other, the distinction between oneself and others. Based on three texts, the Analects of Confucius, the Agamas, and the Sutras of the Perfection of Wisdom, this study brings together several different approaches to the analysis of these two educational doctrines, which are of great significance in enhancing our appreciation of what Confucius and the Buddha have "professed" as the principles of teaching. In elaborating the doctrine of the distinction between oneself and others, I have chosen as my case study the second meeting of the Sutras of the Perfection of Wisdom, a member of the larger genre of Mahayana scriptures known as Prajbaparamita and a text which, having been translated several times into Chinese, played an important role in the history of Mahayana Buddhism. It also survives in Sanskrit, together with important commentaries by Indian interpreters like Nagarjuna and Haribhadra. From analyses of examples from the Sutras of the Perfection of Wisdom, this study will draw some concluding general observations about the ways in which a Bodhisattva makes a distinction between oneself and others in spiritual development. While sticking himself/herself to Mahayana alone, a Bodhisattva provides others with the three vehicles.
