馬小鶴：哈佛大學哈佛燕京圖書館中文館員 Chinese Researcher, Harvard-Yenching Library, Harvard University 汪娟：銘傳大學應用中國文學系教授Professor, Department of Applied Chinese, Ming Chuan University
關鍵詞
吉田豐=Yoshida Yutaka; 摩尼教=Manichaeism; 下部讚=Chinese Hymnscroll from Dunhuang; 四寂讚=Praise of the Four Entities of Calmness; 摩尼光佛=Mani the Buddha of Light; 天王讚=Praise of the Heavenly Kings
摘要
本文首先介紹了吉田豐先生對敦煌寫本《下部讚》中第二首、第三首音譯詩偈、霞浦文書《請神科儀合抄本》中的「四寂讚」以及《摩尼光佛》之「天王讚」的研究。然後，進一步解說吉田在《摩尼光佛》和中古波斯語文本 M 19 中的「天王讚」之間的比較。最後，評論了吉田對《摩尼光佛》三個中文音譯詞的比定：薩緩 Sarwan= zurwan，是摩尼教的最高神；鬱多習 Yuduoxi= Wishtasp（《酉陽雜俎》中的「烏瑟多習」國王），是瑣羅亞斯德（Zoroaster）的早期追隨者；沙勃Shabo= Shabuhr（「說勃王」可能為「沙波王」之訛），即薩珊波斯國王沙普爾（Shapur），曾接見摩尼。
This paper first introduces Yoshida’s research on the second and third phonetic hymns of the Chinese Hymnscroll from Dunhuang and “Praise of the Four Entities of Calmness” and another phonetic hymn in manuscripts from Xiapu, Fujia Province, China. Then it annotates Yoshida’s comparing between “Praise of the Heavenly Kings” in Mani the Buddha of Light, a Xiapu manuscript and Middle Persian text M 19. At last it comments on Yoshida’s identification of three Chinese transliterations in Mani the Buddha of Light: Sahuan 薩緩= zurwan, the highest god of Manichaeism; Yuduoxi 鬱多習= (king) Wishtasp, an early follower of Zoroaster; and Shabo 沙勃= Shabuhr, the second king of kings of the Sasanian Empire (240-270) who treated Mani well
