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《大悲懺》修持作為「往生淨因」之探討=A Discussion on the Great Compassion Repentance Practices as the Pure Cause of Ultimate Departure |
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| 作者 |
王明觀 (著)=Wang, Ming-kuan (au.)
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| 出版日期 | 2022 |
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| 頁次 | 142 |
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| 出版者 | 慈濟大學宗教與人文研究所碩士班 |
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| 出版者網址 |
https://religion.tcu.edu.tw/
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| 出版地 | 花蓮市, 臺灣 [Hualien shih, Taiwan] |
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| 資料類型 | 博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation |
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| 使用語言 | 中文=Chinese |
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| 學位類別 | 碩士 |
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| 校院名稱 | 慈濟大學 |
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| 系所名稱 | 宗教與人文研究所碩士班 |
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| 指導教授 | 林美容=Lin, Mei-rong, 陳啟文=Chen, Cheu-wen |
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| 畢業年度 | 110 |
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| 關鍵詞 | 大悲懺=The Great Compassion Repentance; 大悲咒=The Great Compassion Mantra Mahā-Kārunika-citta-dhārani; 菩薩道=Bodhisattva-path; 往生淨因=the Pure Cause of Ultimate Departure; 淨業=Pure Karma; 迴向發願=diverts and makes vows |
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| 摘要 | 《大悲懺》為時下盛行的禮懺法軌，得利於儀軌的簡明，科儀的簡短和省時，卻也是感應靈驗的懺悔法。懺眾由於崇信觀音菩薩，平時除了稱誦菩薩聖號以外，也會透過禮拜此觀音懺，消災祈福、懺罪除愆，仰靠的是主尊的慈悲與救度之力，亦如信受阿隬陀佛的本願救度一樣，皆是冀望獲得佛菩薩的加被覆護，使身心安頓、修持成就，而發心虔誠，隨著信仰走向法的實踐，但如何達到修行的終極目標，由此趣入蓮邦淨域呢？此懺是否可成為往生之淨因、淨業，促成將來信願圓成，導歸西方淨土，得不退轉呢？懺法中具有哪些要素，可構成往生的條件，即是本文所要探討之處。
又《大悲懺》是依據《千手經》編撰出的懺法，回復到本典的法義，除了彰顯觀音的宏願與慈誓外，更為安樂諸眾生故，教示〈大悲咒〉的持誦與功用，使有情得超生死、解脫輪迴，其中對於眾生心性的開導、生命的指向，引導出往生他方淨土的理想。因此從《大悲懺》懺法的儀文，與《千手經》中的內容分析，得出成為淨因、淨業往生的項目，能使身心如法的經由懺法得到淨化，起到增上善法的作用，以改正錯誤，悔除過惡，精勤修持，並由重信而開展出三學（戒、定、慧）增上的學習。因此借助懺悔儀文使三業漸薄，使能離垢清淨，轉化煩惱為菩提，故能翻惡從善、改往修來，淨除種種罪障。
其中由於懺法的主尊為觀音菩薩，其大慈精神與悲願，更是大乘行者尤應效法的榜樣，懺眾學行如觀音，從菩薩道的行持中，培植深厚的善根福德，發揮利濟他人的菩薩情懷，以慈悲心使自他安樂，不惱害於人，且人人如是，人間即有淨土；因淨果淨，淨土不遠。所以《大悲懺》的宗旨與精神，在言簡意賅之中，不乏趨向淨人淨土的世行，也可作為往生淨土的資糧，和成為往生的淨因、淨業，在本文中逐一探討。
The Great Compassion Repentance is a popular ritual practice nowadays, whose benefits are the simplicity, time-saving and inspirational approaches. Since the practitioners believe in Guanyin Bodhisattva, they usually not only recite the holy name of the Bodhisattva, but also pray for The Great Compassion Repentance to get rid of disasters, pray for blessings, repent for themselves, and get rid of guilt. They rely on the compassion and saving power of Guanyin Bodhisattva, just as they believe and accept the Original Vows of the Buddha Amitabha. They all hope to gain the protection of the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, so that they can settle their mind and body, and achieve successes. Also, they devote themselves to the practice of the Dharma with their beliefs. However, how can they reach the goal of Pure Karma, and thus enter the Pure Land? Can The Great Compassion Repentance become the Pure Cause and Pure Karma of departure? Can The Great Compassion Repentance lead to the fulfillment of faith and vows to the Pure Land of the West, and then not turning back? This thesis will discuss what the elements of The Great Compassion Repentance constitute the conditions for departure.
The Great Compassion Repentance is compiled based on The Avalokitêśvara Sutra. Going back to the meaning of the Buddhist scriptures, The Avalokitêśvara Sutra shows the grand vows and compassion of Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva, for the sake of all sentient beings. Therefore, Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva teaches the recitation and the function of The Great Compassion Mantra Mahā-Kārunika-citta-dhārani can make all sentient beings transcend life and liberation from reincarnation. In addition, the Avalokitêśvara Sutra has the enlightenment of mind and nature for all living beings and the direction of life, leading to the ideal of departure to the Pure Land. Therefore, by the analysis of the rituals of the repentance approaches in The Great Compassion Repentance and the content in The Avalokitêśvara Sutra, I have concluded that practitioners can purify the cause and karma, and they are physically and mentally in accordance with the Dharma to pass the repentance approaches. After these practitioners are being purified, The Great Compassion Repentance plays the role of increasing the merits, of correcting mistakes, of repenting their wrongdoings, of practicing diligently, and of developing the three śikṣā (adhisīla-sikkhā, adhicitta-sikkhā,adhipaññā-sikkhā) through devout faith. Therefore, practitioners can use the ritual of repentance to gradually reduce their bad karma, to make them free from defilements, to purify their physical and mind, and to transform their afflictions into Bodhi. That is, practitioners can turn evil into good, correct mistakes, practice good karma, and purify all kinds of sins.
Since the main subject of The Great Compassion Repentance is Guanyin Bodhisattva, his/her spirit of great kindness and compassion is a paradigm that Mahayana practitioners should follow. Those repentant practitioners learn to practice like Guanyin Bodhisattva, cultivating profound virtues from the Bodhisattva's ways, developing the Bodhisattva's spirit of benefiting others, making themselves joyful with compassion, and not harming others. If everyone is like t |
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| 目次 | 第一章、緒 論 1
第一節、研究動機 1
第二節、研究主題說明 2
第三節、研究目的 3
第四節、研究功用與重要性 4
第五節、文獻回顧 7
專 書： 7
論著及期刊論文 12
第六節、研究方法 16
第二章、觀音法門及大悲咒盛行之概況 20
第一節、漢傳佛教「觀音信仰」的普及 20
一、《妙法蓮華經》＜觀世音菩薩普門品＞的流通 24
三、以觀自在為首的《般若波羅蜜多心經》26
四、「憶佛、念佛」與「持名」的流行 27
第二節、密乘宏傳與持咒的盛行 30
一、密乘宏傳帶動持咒風氣 30
二、中土密咒的存續與傳延 35
三、密咒在顯教中逐漸被吸納和運用 37
四、密教「千手觀音」信仰與「大悲咒」 40
第三章、《大悲懺》的形成及其發展 45
第一節、《大悲懺》的形成 45
一、四明法智尊者—知禮 46
二、融攝止觀與淨土法門 51
三、以懺法輔助定慧的實踐 53
四、知禮據《千手經》撰《大悲懺》 55
第二節、《大悲懺》的發展 59
一、《大悲懺》的沿革 59
二、《大悲懺》的弘展 60
三、《大悲懺》的流通 62
第四章、禮《大悲懺》成為「往生淨因」 67
第一節、禮《大悲懺》明因果學持戒 67
一、深信因果至心禮《大悲懺》 67
二、禮《大悲懺》引導持戒斷惡 73
三、禮《大悲懺》消業長養善法 75
第二節、禮《大悲懺》學習菩薩精神 80
一、依本誓願力安樂有情 80
二、由大悲心生起菩提心 83
三、正念祈求學行菩薩道 86
第三節、禮《大悲懺》趣入佛淨土 101
一、持「大悲咒」可隨意往生諸佛國 102
二、禮《大悲懺》依信願回向淨土 107
三、「淨因」成就「淨業往生」 111
第五章、結 論 121
一、《大悲懺》從人天乘持戒、菩薩道願行到淨因淨業往生 121
二、觀音法門透過《大悲懺》成為往生淨因 124 |
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| 點閱次數 | 303 |
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| 建檔日期 | 2022.06.06 |
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| 更新日期 | 2023.11.21 |
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