Poet monks being able to write articles and poetry are the main groups to interpret and disseminate scriptures in Buddhism; in the face of the evolution of the times, there were their response. In this thesis, "modern poet monks" are explored and the personal point of view is raised. The search of monk poems is not easy. This thesis takes 53 years from the Reform Movement in the 24th year of Emperor Guangxu (1898) to the cross-trait division (1950) as the modern. First, the author checked out the poet monks who became a monk and had poetry collections during this period, on the known poetry collections of poet monks with reply in the same rhythm, preface and postscript, or Chronicle has described monksbeing able to write poems.Second, researched the background and personal life of poet monks and by the commonenvironment and individual experience grasped the objects to be discussed. Third, checked the writing literatures, and explored the scriptures of Surangama Sutraand The Awakening of Faith, as well as identified their position.Fourth, reviewed the literatures of monk’s poemson poetry collections, and studied the literary and artistic characteristics by two-way of the standard of “monk” and the character of “poem”. Fifth, on the subject of Buddhism, the author studied the literary and artistic form of monk poetry by two categories as the dissemination of faith and praise. It is found that, in the definition of "modern", there are seventeen people having poetry collection, and thirteen peoplehaving not. They were in the time after the reform movement when the whole country was full of the thinking to provide the temple property for setting up a new school, triggering monks to protect the temple property and operate the monk school movement. After the Republic of China was established, they strengthened to operate the monk school, even organized people’s groups to express the views of the temple management to the government. In scriptures, therewas the prevalence of refutation for pseudoSurangama Sutraand The Awakening of Faith; however, Yueh Xi had doubt about The Awakening of Faith. In writings, they focused on the interpretation of Tathāgatagarbha, and Yuan Ying's Surangama Sutra lectureshowed the highest achievement. Tai Xu’s explanatory noteson Surangama Sutra&the Awakening of Faithrefuted the pseudo saying, especiallyshowingthe significance of the times. Ci Hang’s Speaking of the Awakening of Faithwas written with vernacular Chinese also being a kind of characteristics of times. In poetry, there are the poems taken down in the poetry collections of Xu Yun, Hong Yi, Man Shu,and Hai Deng before they become monk.Their creation was generally affected by the influence of Buddhist precepts due to the identity of monk, so that there was a certain conflict between the identity of “monk” and the literature and art of “poetry”; there were different performances in coordination of this conflict to engage in creation. As for the comments on monk poems, more from the viewpoints of literatiignored the character should have in monk poem, into unorthodoxLiterati poems. The Buddhist themes of monk poems with the role communicating belief, and
