When the World Honored One had said this, they
were delighted. Venerable Sariputra and the other
Bhikshus, the Bodhisattvas, and the world with its
gods, humans, asuras and gandharvas, rejoiced at
what had been said by the World Honored One. (20)
(End of the) Great Vehicle Sutra called "The
Layout of the Land of Happiness."

     ("When" --understood) bhagavan "(the World-)
Honored (One)" avocat (avocad by external sandhi)
"had said" idam "this," means when Shakyamuni
Buddha had finished speaking this Sutra.  bhagavan
is nominative singular masculine, the subject in
the clause.  idam is accusative singular neuter
of the demonstrative pronoun, and is direct object
of the verb.  avocat is the verb, in the aorist
tense, third singular indicative active from root
û uc- "speak," which by reverse guna becomes vac-,
voca- is the aorist stem, and is treated as a
secondary root form.

    Attamanas (attamanah by external  sandhi) is
nominative plural masculine, and means "(they
were--understood) delighted."  attamana-, the
stem form, is a compounded said to be composed
of the noun manas "mind," and either atta, the
perfect passive participle of a + /da- "take/
receive,'' hence  transported (with joy)," or apta,
the perfect passive participle of /ap- "reach/
obtain," in the sense of having reached one's aim
or wish.  It modifies the members or the Dharma
Assembly who are about to be listed in summary
form.  They all were very delighted in mind at
having heard the Buddha speak the Amitabha Sutra.

     Ayusman (ayusman by external sandhi  "Vener-
able" is the adjective modifying sariputras "Sari-
putra," the name of the Buddha's disciple for whom
the Sutra was directly spoken.  Both are nominative
singular masculine forms.   Then there were te
"the," literally "those," nominative plural mascu-
line of the demonstrative pronoun which is used
as the general third person personal pronoun "he/
she/it/they."  ca...ca are correlatives meaning
literally "both,.,and."  bhiksavas "bhikshus" is
nominative plural masculine of bhiksu   final -u
becoming -av- when the plural suffix -as is added.

      Bodhisattvas (-ah by external sandhi) is
nominative plural masculine of bodhisattva- which
is the word used in English--"Bodhisattvas."   It
means literally "Enlightenment (bodhi) Being
(sattva)."  The next noun is loko "(the) world
nominative singular masculine of stem loka- which
means literally "inhabited world," and so often
refers to the People in the world.  It is modified
by the compound adjective sa- "with" + deva "god(s)"
+ manusa "human(s)" + asura "asura(s)," that is,
pugnacious beings + gandharva "gandharva(s)," that
is, musical spirits.  The compound ends in -s for
it is nominative singular masculine to agree with
loko.  Note that manusa + asura gives manusasura.

     Abhyanandan is the verb, in the aorist tense
................

    abhyanandan is the verb, in the aorist tense,
third plural indicative active, from prefix abhi-
and root /nand-, and means "(they) rejoiced at.
It takes as its direct object bhasitam "(what had
been) said," neuter singular accusative of the
perfect passive participle of root û bhas- "speak/
say,  here used as a substantive--a word on its
own.  It is modified by the genitive singular
masculine noun bhagavatas (-to by external sandhi
--the same phenomenon observed In loko which was
lokas before the sound change) 'by (literally 'of')
(the World-)Honored (One)." The phrase means what
the Buddha had said.  All in the Assembly rejoiced
at having heard the Buddha speak the Amitabha
Sutra.

     The Sutra closes with a restatement of the
title, an indication that the Sutra has been
completed so that the reader can transfer the
merit and virtue from having heard it to all the
living. beings of the Dharma Realm. It therefore
says:  (End of the) maha "Great" yana "Vehicle"
sutram "Sutra" nama "called'.' vyuha (vyuho by
external sandhi) "Layout" Sukhavati "of the Land
of Happiness."  vyuha can also mean "arrangement."
The is the close of the Sutra that describes the
Land of Ultimate Bliss of Amitabha Buddha.

     The Sanskrit lessons will continue with the
Vajracchedika-Prajna-Paramita or "Diamond" Sutra.