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禪宗諸家之「心性」說 -- 從初祖菩提達摩、六祖慧能到洪州馬祖道一之思想變遷
Author 馮達文 (著)=Feng, Da-wen (au.)
Source 中華國際佛學會議中文論文集(第4屆)=Chong-Hwa International Conference on Buddism (4th)
Date2005.06
Publisher中華佛學研究所=The chung Hwa Instutute of Buddhist Studies
Location臺北縣, 臺灣 [Taipei hsien, Taiwan]
Content type會議論文=Proceeding Article
Language中文=Chinese
Keyword禪宗; 心性論
Abstract本文以為,禪宗之「心性」說經歷著一個演變過程:在初祖菩提達摩那裡,「心」與「性」是有分的,「心」被看作是知覺的、經驗的、活動的、個體的,「性」則被賦予存在的、先驗的、不變的與普遍的意義,故達摩主「修心」;在六祖慧能這裡,「心」與「性」已經獲得同一的意義,這種同一在一方面則使「性」由「存在的」轉化為「覺知的」,另一方面則使「心」由「經驗的」轉換爲「先驗的」。由之,凸顯了修成佛道的主體性、當體性、當下性,故有慧能之「直顯心性」、「頓悟成佛」論;及至馬祖道一與洪州禪,進而認可「心」之「經驗內容」之「體性」即「佛道意義」,而有「貪嗔煩惱並是佛性」「平常心是道」之論了。 禪宗「心性」說的這一變遷,意在使成佛追求由「高遠」回歸「平實」。由於它更能容攝生活世界,因而更容易為教外追求心靈的敞開與精神之自由的人們所接受。
Hits1002
Created date2008.04.10
Modified date2012.08.22



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