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中日兩國的淨土教 -- 從毛丹青翻譯《嘆異抄》說起
Author 楊曾文 (著)
Source 中國史研究=Journal of Chinese Historical Studies
Volumen.1 (總號=n.65)
Date1995.02
Pages126 - 137
Publisher中國社會科學院古代史研究所
Location北京, 中國 [Beijing, China]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language中文=Chinese
Keyword淨土教; 日本淨土教; 念佛法門; 曇鸞; 道綽; 善導; 源; 信; 源空; 親鸞; 《嘆異抄》; 真宗; 往生
Abstract文章主對中日兩國淨土教的教義及其關係作了分析:
一、關於曇鸞。道綽。善導及其淨土教說
曇鸞首次對彌陀淨土教義作了系統論證,初步建立了淨土教的教義體,這主有兩點︰(1)用「難行道」,「易行道」和「自力」,「他力」構建淨土教的判教理論;(2)既強調觀想念佛,又強調口稱念佛。道綽宣揚念佛法門是末法時代最適宜眾生根器的法門,並將彌陀淨土教義與佛教的其他教義的區別看作是「淨土門」與「聖道門」的不同,聖道門是難行道,而淨土門是易行道。善導的淨土思想有兩大特色︰(1)強調一切「罪惡凡夫」皆可往生淨土;(2)特別提倡口稱念佛。
二、關於源信。源空。親鸞的教義及其與中國淨土教的關係
源信著有《往生要集》,首次較集中地有關淨土的經文編在一起,並系統地論證了淨土思想。源空以善導所提倡的口稱念佛的淨土理論為宗,主闡發了這樣兩點︰(1)以末法思想為基本理論前提,提倡口稱念佛,憑借阿彌陀佛的「他力」而往生的「淨土門」;(2)面向民眾,主張一切眾生皆可往生淨土。親鸞的教說主有︰(1)以教、行、信、證為真宗教義的整體結構;(2)認為人之為善為惡是由前世宿業決定的,與依仗彌陀願力的往生成佛沒關係,強調信心為往生之本;(3)不僅主張惡人可以往生,且認為往生淨土當以惡人為本位。最後,針對毛丹青對《嘆異經》的翻譯簡單進行了評述。
ISSN10027963 (P)
Hits604
Created date1998.04.28
Modified date2024.03.05



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