法華思想與佛教社區共同體 -- 以東魏〈李氏合邑造像碑〉 為例=The Teachings of the Lotus Sūtra and Local Buddhist Communities: The Example of The Li Clan Society Creating Images Stele Inscription dating from the Eastern Wei Dynasty

顏尚文 (著)=Yan, Shang-wen (au.)

Author

顏尚文 (著)=Yan, Shang-wen (au.)

Source

中華佛學學報=Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal=Journal of Chinese Buddhist Studies

Volume

n.10

Date

1997.07

Pages

233 - 247

Publisher

中華佛學研究所=Chung-Hwa Institute of Buddhist Studies

Publisher Url

http://www.chibs.edu.tw/publication_tw.php?id=12

Location

新北市, 臺灣 [New Taipei City, Taiwan]

Content type

期刊論文=Journal Article

Language

中文=Chinese; 英文=English

Note

本文曾於1995年12月16日「天台宗的歷史與思想學術研討會」口頭發表。

Keyword

妙法蓮華經=Lotus Suutra; 佛教思想=Buddhist thought; 魏晉南北朝=Wei, Chin, and Northern-southern Dynasties; 造像銘記=the stone tablet inscription for making statues; 社區共同體=communities

Abstract

《法華經》主張眾生皆具平等大慧，且經由菩薩行漸次深廣的實踐過程，人人皆可莊嚴國土與畢竟成佛。《法華經》的新生活理念，經由僧侶，信徒傳佈，漸落實到北朝華北地方城鄉社區共同體士民中，成凝結社區意識，共同體共願共行的主機制。東魏〈李氏合邑造像碑〉彰顯「法華思想」主導的佛教社區共同體之組織與活動情形。李次率領族人及村中居民，共同信奉《法華經》並組成法華邑義團體。法華團體係以都邑，邑主比丘為領導者，唯那為幹部，並包含法華經主，眾邑子為基層成員的地域性組織。法華組織遵循法華精神，社區居民共同建寺院講堂，延請僧侶講誦《法華經》，塑造「二佛並坐」法華佛像，並舉行開光、供養、齋戒、行道等法華法會活動。《法華經》會歸眾生入一佛乘的願力，及隨緣實踐慈悲救渡的菩薩行，促使法華社區共同體成員，突破個人、家庭、宗教、社區的重重束縛，凝結人群到社區外面從事更廣大的社會公益事業，並進一步造天宮，立碑像，為國家及至法界無邊眾生祈福，同願同生淨土。

According to the Lotus Suutra, every sentient being equally possesses great wisdom, and every man can through the gradual practice of the profound and vast bodhisattva activities adorn the pure land and finally reach buddhahood. This new concept of life was propagated by sangha and laymen alike until in due course of time it was put into practice during the Northern Dyanasties among the local communities in North China providing the mechanisms to consolidate community consciousness through a common goal and common practice. The Li Clan Society Creating Images Stele Inscription which dates from the Eastern Wei Dynasty provides a clear picture on how the ideas of the Lotus Suutra were the leading influence on the organization of Buddhist communities and their activities. Li Tz'u lead the members of his clan and local villager in their belief in the Lotus Suutra and organized a religious society devoted to the cult. These organisations had their structures wit monastics in the leading and responsible positions and laymembers constituting the grassroot level. In accordance with the spirit of the Lotus Suutra, the members of the community built temples and teaching places ogether, invited the sangha to recite the Lotus Suura, created the typical Lotus Suutra images of the two Buddhas sitting together, and held all kinds of inauguration, offering, fasting and practice functions. The Lotus Suutra's power of resolve which brings all sentient beings together in the One Buddha Vehicle and the bodhisattva activities which practice compassion according to circumstances helped the members of local Lotus Suutra communities to overcome constraints on the individual, family, clan and community level. It brought people together to leave their communities and engage in activities for communal welfare or even to pray for the benefit of the country of numberless sentient beings in the dharma realm that everyone might be reborn in the pure realm.

ISSN

10177132 (P)

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