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弗洛伊德的精神分析與佛教唯識學的比較研究 -- 以潛意識和阿賴耶識為中心(上)=Psycho-analysis and Vuddhist vijñāna-vāda(1) |
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| Author |
吳汝鈞 (著)=Ng, Yu-kwan (au.)
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| Source |
正觀雜誌=Satyabhisamaya: A Buddhist Studies Quarterly
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| Volume | n.66 |
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| Date | 2013.09.25 |
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| Pages | 113 - 198 |
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| Publisher | 正觀雜誌社 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.tt034.org.tw/
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| Location | 南投縣, 臺灣 [Nantou hsien, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 作者為中研院文哲所特聘研究員 |
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| Keyword | 精神分析=psycho-analysis; 潛意識=subconsciousness; 自我=self; 本我=Id; 超越=superself; 歇斯底里=hysteria; 末那識=mano-vijñāna; 阿賴耶識=ālaya-vijñāna; 中陰身=antarā-bhava; 煩惱=kleśa; 業=karma; 轉依=āśraya- parāvṛtti |
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| Abstract | 本文識對於弗洛伊德的精神分析與佛教唯識學的比較研究，透過對精神分析的周詳的闡述，看為識學的相應觀點，以開拓雙方的對話空間。由於雙方的思想都有一定的複雜性，故我們把研究聚焦在潛意識與阿賴耶識上，但也涉及雙方的伊些重要概念，包括意識、自我、本我、超越、識心、心所等多項。在比較研究中，精神分析的本我與維識學的阿賴耶識、中陰身是其中要探討的基源問題。根據筆者的研究，粗略地說，本我與阿賴耶識、中陰身都具有靈魂的意味，只是在一些細節上，雙方的闡述並不完全相同。特別是，精神分析不大強調輪迴問題，唯識學則堅持輪迴觀點，人死後，阿賴耶識或中陰身會在新的生命個體中受胎，繼續存在，直至生命個體最後獲得覺悟、解脫為止。另外一點很重要的是，精神分析是一門經驗性格的心理科學，它的目的是治療人在心理上的種種病痛，如憂鬱、焦慮之屬，不講求覺悟、解脫。唯識學則是一種宗教，它提出轉世成智的實踐方法，讓人最後得到覺悟、解脫，遠離一切執著、苦痛煩惱。
In the article a comparative study is undertaken between Sigmund Feud's psycho-analysis and the Buddhist school of Vijñāna-vāda(mere consciousness), concentrating on the concepts of subconsciousness and ālaya-vijñāna of both sides respectively.Issuess such as consciousness, self, Id, mano-vijñāna, vāsanā, antarā-bhava, karma, kleśa citta and caitasa are also touched on, the major ones being Id in psycho-analysis and ālaya-vijñānaas as well as antarā-bhava in Vijñāna-vāda. The author holds that,roughly speaking, Id, ālaya-vijñāna and antarā-bhava all share the meaning of the soul. However, psycho-analysis does not stress the problem of transmigration, whereas Vijñān-vāda pays much attention to it. The latter is of the opinion that when one dies, the ālaya-vijñāna or the antarā-bhava will not vanish, but rather remains and will obtain a rebirth in another living body. This phenomenon will continue until finally enlightement and liberation are attained. Also, the following point is not to be neglected: psycho-analysis is a psychological science in empirical nature, which mainly deals with man's psychological problems, such as depression and anxiety, having nothing to do with enlightenment and liberation in religious sense. Vijñāna-vāda is, quite differently, a religious doctrine aiming at the solution of man's spiritual attachment, delusion and ignorance through the practice of āśraya- parāvṛtti(transformation), so that his goals of enlightenment and liberation can be realized. |
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| Table of contents | 一、關於精神分析 115
二、阿賴耶識與潛意識、本我的初步印象 120
三、精神分析中的自我 124
四、末那識與心所 134
五、本我問題與唯識學的相應描述 141
六、超我、良心與正聞熏習 147
七、意識 155
八、潛意識的含義 161
九、潛意識的被排斥性、被壓抑性 165
十、相應於潛意識的阿賴耶識與其所不包性 172
十一、中有貨中陰身 181
十二、本能衝動 184
十三、唯識學的本能衝動思想 192
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| ISSN | 16099575 (P) |
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| Hits | 1300 |
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| Created date | 2013.10.16 |
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| Modified date | 2017.09.07 |
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