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王陽明對道佛的批評=Wang Yang-ming's Criticisms of Taoism and Buddhism |
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杜保瑞 (著)=Duh, Bau-ruei (au.)
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| Source |
哲學與文化=Monthly Review of Philosophy and Culture
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| Volume | v.39 n.5 |
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| Date | 2012.05.01 |
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| Pages | 39 - 66 |
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| Publisher | 哲學與文化月刊雜誌社 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.umrpc.fju.edu.tw
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| Location | 臺北市, 臺灣 [Taipei shih, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 作者為臺灣大學哲學系教授。 |
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| Keyword | 王陽明=Wang Yang-ming; 道教=Taoism; 佛教=Buddhism; 良知=Conscience; 氣稟=Qi-based; 卜筮=Divination |
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| Abstract | 本文談王陽明的三教辯證，旨在說明陽明對道佛兩教知識系統的意見。陽明早年既學仙道又究心禪佛教事物，但龍場悟後，即建立自己的儒學思想系統，從此道佛兩教相關事務便不再放在心上，偶有弟子問及，皆明快回答處理，表現了成儒者一家之言後的王陽明三教辯證的具體意見，值得研究。然而，陽明辯證於道佛的語言畢竟只是表面上的對話，陽明自己的哲學立場才是決定三教辯證立場的關鍵，理論上說，這便是陽明的形上學立場問題，可是，王陽明不是一個形上學色彩濃厚的儒學家，王陽明是一位實踐成功的儒者，以其深刻的洞見與實踐而證說了儒者的價值觀與世界觀，實踐的依據輻湊在良知觀念中，而良知觀念便是陽明形上學的基準，是他的形上學觀念中的最高範疇與宇宙本體，以本體宇宙論的哲學基本問題來說，良知即此宇宙本體。關於陽明良知說的價值意識及存有論特徵部分，筆者已有它文討論，為使陽明三教辯證意見更見明晰起見，此處仍有必要就其良知說的本體宇宙論立場予以介紹，又為了讓他的本體宇宙論清楚起見，陽明未及深論但事實上存在的氣稟吉克的立場亦需予以解明。討論完他的良知說之本體宇宙論特色及氣稟存有論立場之後之後，再進入他的三教辯證意見的說明中。
This article is about Wang Yang-ming's critiques of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism (the three religions), meaning to explain Wang's opinions about the knowledge frameworks of Taoism and Buddhism. Learning the way of the transcendence and Zen Buddhism in early years, Wang established his own framework of Confucianism after his epiphany and never again bothered with the concerns of Taoism and Buddhism, while his opinions about the three religions afterward are worthy of serious investigation. However, the key to his critiques was his own philosophical position, that is, theoretically, Wang's metaphysical position. Yet, rather than a highly metaphysical Confucian, Wang was a successful Confucian in practice. His profound insights and practice justified the Confucian values and worldview; the grounds of his practice converged in the idea of conscience; and the idea of conscience was the benchmark of Wang's metaphysics, the supreme criterion of his metaphysical ideas and the entity of the cosmos. In terms of the philosophical fundamental issues of onto-cosmology, conscience was the ent |
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| Table of contents | 壹、良知說的本體宇宙論 39
貳、對氣稟存在的存有論的立場 44
參、陽明對道教的批評 49
肆、對佛教的批評 56
伍、對卜筮活動的意見 62
陸、結論 64
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| ISSN | 10158383 (P); 10158383 (E) |
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| Hits | 550 |
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| Created date | 2014.07.10 |
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| Modified date | 2017.10.23 |
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