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Svabhāvavāda and the Cārvāka/Lokāyata: A Historical Overview |
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| Author |
Bhattacharya, Ramkrishna (著)
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| Source |
Journal of Indian Philosophy
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| Volume | v.40 n.6 |
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| Date | 2012.12 |
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| Pages | 593 - 614 |
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| Publisher | Springer |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.springer.com/gp/
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| Location | Berlin, Germany [柏林, 德國] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 英文=English |
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| Keyword | Cārvāka/Lokāyata; first cause; kāla; Medical compilations; Sāṃkhya; svabhāva; yadṛchhā |
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| Abstract | svabhāva (own being) and yadṛchhā (chance, accident) are named as two different claimants among others as the first cause (Jagatkāraṇa) in the ŚvUp. But in later works, such as Aśvaghoṣa's poems, svabhāva is synonymous with yadṛchhā and entails a passive attitude to life. Later still, svabhāva is said to be inhering in the Lokāyata materialist system, although in which sense—cosmic order or accident—is not always clearly mentioned. Svabhāva is also a part of the Sāṃkhya doctrine and is mentioned in the medical compilations. It is proposed that the idea of svabhāva as cosmic order became a part of Lokāyata between the sixth and the eighth century CE and got widely accepted by the tenth century, so much so that in the fourteenth century Sāyaṇa-Mādhava aka Vidyāraṇya could categorically declare that the Cārvāka/Lokāyata upheld causality, not chance. But the other meaning of svabhāva, identical with yadṛchhā, continued to circulate along with kāla, time, which was originally another claimant for the title of the first cause and similarly had acquired several significations in course of time. Both significations of svabhāva continued to be employed by later writers, and came to be used in another domain, that of daiva (fate) vis-à-vis puruṣakāra (manliness or human endeavour). |
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| Table of contents | Abstract 593
Keywords 593
Introductory Remarks 593
Different Views on Svabhavavada vis-à-vis the Cārvāka/Lokāyata 594
Other Modern Views on Svabhava 595
When Svabhāvavāda and Lokāyata Came to Coalesce 603
Two Significations of Kāla and Svabhāva 604
Materialist Views in India: One or Many? 607
Summing Up 609
Acknowledgement 610
Appendix 610
Abbreviations and References 611 |
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| ISSN | 00221791 (P); 15730395 (E) |
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| DOI | 10.1007/s10781-012-9168-x |
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| Hits | 46 |
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| Created date | 2019.10.11 |
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| Modified date | 2023.10.18 |
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