|
|
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
《法句經》的「校讀」與「誤譯」=Issues with Translation Errors and Collation of the Faju jing (T210) |
|
|
|
| 著者 |
蘇錦坤 (著)=Su, Ken (au.)
|
|---|
| 掲載誌 |
法鼓佛學學報=Dharma Drum Journal of Buddhist Studies
|
|---|
| 巻号 | n.19 |
|---|
| 出版年月日 | 2016.12.01 |
|---|
| ページ | 93 - 158 |
|---|
| 出版者 | 法鼓文理學院 |
|---|
| 出版サイト |
https://www.dila.edu.tw/
|
|---|
| 出版地 | 新北市, 臺灣 [New Taipei City, Taiwan] |
|---|
| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
|---|
| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
|---|
| キーワード | 法句經=Faju jing (T210); 校讀=collations and renderings; 誤譯=translation errors; 偈頌分章=define the length of a verse; 白話翻譯=vernacular Chinese |
|---|
| 抄録 | 《法句經》（T210）譯於三國時代（約當西元 222 年），屬於漢譯佛典的草創時期，譯文詰屈聱牙難以理解，其中或有誤譯；本經在《開寶藏》雕版印刷之前歷經將近八百多年的輾轉傳抄，因此造成不少古典校勘學所謂的「衍、脫、倒、訛」等失誤。加上印度語系的《法句經》詮釋文獻並未迭譯成漢語，古德也未留下相關的字句註解，要貼切地詮釋或翻譯《法句經》（T210），顯得困難重重。筆者認為，「校勘、訓詁、標點等基礎工程」與「跨文本對應偈頌的比較研究」是翻譯與詮釋此經的準備工作；前者用以求漢譯詞句的正確解讀，後者用以回溯印度語系源頭文本，以推求偈頌本意；本文稱此兩者的綜合運用為「校讀」，以別於古典校勘學的「校勘」。基於此一考量，本文列舉少數經例來探討校勘、訓詁和標點的過程與細節，一方面藉助《一切經音義》（T1163）與傳統漢語文獻，另一方面追溯印度語系原典的可能用詞，用以提供一些字詞詮釋、異讀抉擇、篇章斷句等建議，作為《法句經》（T210）現代精校本或新版白話翻譯本的工作準則。其次，藉由對應偈頌顯示問題詞句，以及造成此一誤譯的原因，並且以近代的《法句經》白話翻譯為例；顯示如未訂正誤譯，則有「所釋之義非其本義、所據之經非其本經」的問題。最後，本文指出部分梵巴偈頌出現的分章差異，這也讓翻譯及詮釋《法句經》時，難以抉擇某些特定偈頌的起訖。筆者希望藉此討論可以訂正《法句經》（T210）的詮釋與白話翻譯，也期待藉此類經例成為各本《法句經》校勘、校讀的討論平台。
The translation of the Faju jing (T210) was carried out during the Three-Kingdom period (around 222 CE ) when the work of translating Buddhist texts was still in an early phase of development. Translations made during that period were usually of poor quality and hard to understand. There was almost 800 years of transmission via manual transcription before the first printing of the Faju jing in the Kaibao Zang (開寶藏). It is therefore not surprising to find many errors such as added, missing, reversed or mistaken characters as defined by traditional Chinese textual criticism. Furthermore, we cannot find any commentaries for the Faju jing translated from Indic sources, nor do we see any commentary written by Chinese monks. This contributes to making the correct interpretation and translation of the Faju jing especially arduous.
I recommend two basic steps as a preparation for translation: (1) collation, semantic research for individual characters, and adding modern punctuations, and secondly (2) the comparative study of different versions. The first step will focus on assigning a precise and correct meaning to each Chinese character, while the second step will look at the corresponding terms in parallel Indic sources.
This article will first present several examples to illustrate the process by which these two tasks may be completed. Secondly, this article locates some troublesome word(s) or stanzas from the Faju jing and tries to show the mechanism by which these translation errors have occurred. In this way, the problems with contemporary vernacular translations of the Faju jing will be highlighted.
Additionally this article points out differences between the Sanskrit and Pali version of the stanzas and shows how these differences make it sometimes difficult to ascertain the beginning and end of some stanzas and their proper reading in the Chinese Faju jing.
It is the author’s hope that this article may spark a discussion regarding the issue of how a new translation of the Faju jing could be carried out. |
|---|
| 目次 | 一、前言 97
二、經文「校讀」99
（一）如𢄋䨍水 101
（二）精進難踰毀 105
（三）解自抱損意 107
（四）苦智勝愚 110
（五）是道無復畏 112
（六）所世惡法 114
（七）修身自覺 116
三、偈頌的「誤譯」118
（一）是力過師子 118
（二）度淵不反 122
（三）有生死然 126
（四）真人無垢 128
（五）命常熾然 129
（六）施燈必得眼 133
（七）伏意如水 135
四、偈頌分章的差異 139
（一）已有是諸念 140
（二）無復諸入地 143
（三）學莫墮二望 145
五、結語：「分章」、「校讀」與「翻譯」的省思 147
六、謝詞 151
縮寫 151
引用文獻 152 |
|---|
| ISSN | 19968000 (P) |
|---|
| ヒット数 | 912 |
|---|
| 作成日 | 2017.09.18 |
|---|
| 更新日期 | 2021.01.07 |
|---|
 |
Chrome, Firefox, Safari(Mac)での検索をお勧めします。ＩＥではこの検索システムを表示できません。
|
|
|
