Buddhism and Psychotherapy; Theravada Buddhism; Buddhist Meditations; Buddhist Therapeutic Strategies; de Silva, Padmal
摘要
This paper discusses an aspect of Buddhism that has clear relevance to present-day psychotherapy. The focus is on Early or "Theravaada" Buddhism. Buddhism stresses self-development, and offers many strategies for achieving changes in behaviour and emotional reactions. These strategies have relevance to psychotherapy, where the remediation of disordered or maladaptive behaviour/emotions is one of the primary aims. It is argued that these Buddhist strategies represent a therapeutic model which treats the person as his/her agent of change, rather than as the recipient of externally imposed interventions. This Buddhist approach can make a valuable contribution to the development of a humanistic psychotherapy. It is also argued that the Buddhist approach has relevance for the prevention of psychological disorders, an acknowledged -- and higher order -- aim of psychotherapy. 本文將就佛教與現代的心理治療的相關性做一番討論，重點將放在早期或南傳的佛教上。佛教強調自我啟發，並且提供諸多修行方法來改變行為及情緒上所產生的反應，這些方法跟心理治療所專對的心理失調，或適應不良之行為（情緒）的治療有所關聯。論點指出佛教的這些修行方法所呈現的治療模式，是將人視為自我改變的主體，而非接收外來干預的客體，這一方法對發展符合人道的心理治療將有寶貴的貢獻。論點又指出，佛教修行方法有預防心理失調之效，這是心理治療學所認定的更高一層的治療目標。
目次
1. Introduction 169 2. Buddhism，Mental Health and Psychotherapy 170 3. The Relevance of Meditation 171 4. Other Self-control Strategies 175 a. Anger Control and the Development of Loving Kindness b. Stimulus Control c. Control of Unwanted，Intrusive Cognitions 5. Relevance for Mental Health Prophylaxis 177 6. Concluding Comments 178 REFERENCES 179
