安世高譯經造詞述要 — 以《陰持入經》“色”字造詞為中心=A Summary of Word-creating in An Shigao’s Translation of Buddhist Scriptures—— Using the Words Containing “Se（色）”in the Yin Chi Ru Jing as an Example
Taking “色(Se)” and the words containing “色(Se)” in Yin Chi Ru Jing as an example, adopting the way comparing the changes of the word’s meaning historically and the way comparing Yin Chi Ru Jing with the chapter 6 of Peṭakopadesa, on the basis of previous studies, from the examination of loan translation, the paper carried out the researches on the word-creating ways and strategies used by An Shigao and related aspects, puts forward some new viewpoints. Its academic contributions can be summarized as followings:(1) Through lexical analysis, the paper presents and discusses the five factors of loan translation: lexical structure, morpheme number, morpheme meaning, morpheme order, morpheme relation. (2) The paper discusses the word-creating system in the Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures, finds two new methods of word-creating which is named semantic assignment(賦義) and inherit(承繼)used by An Shigao. From the view of translation (transverse), word-creating methods can be divided into loan translation and free translation(narrow sense). From the view of the development of word meaning(longitudinal), word-creating methods can be divided into perfusion( 灌 注 ), semantic assignment(賦義) and inherit(承繼). (3) From the quantitative analysis, it can be concluded that An Shigao adopted a word-creating strategy taking loan translation and inherit( 承 繼 )primarily, and taking other methods secondarily.Basing on it, the paper analyzes the subjective and objective causes which An Shigao adopted the strategy, and discusses the influences exerted by word-creating methods used by An Shigao to the Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures and the development of Chinese language.The word-creating in An Shigao’s translation of Buddhist scriptures, contains the factors of translation and the factors of word-creating. Not only does it contain semantics, but also thought.Not only is It the topic that the history of Chinese language concerns, but also the topic that the history of translation and the history of Buddhist thought concerns.
