INTRODUCTION: SECULARIZATION AND POSSIBLE CONTAMINATION 39 Secularization and church involvement 40 Church involvement: The secularization and compensation theses 42 Secularization, church involvement, and religious change 43 A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SECULARIZATION PROCESS 44 SECULARIZATION AND PILLARIZATION 46 Professionalization, marginalization, and privatization: Christian hospitals 46 Professionalization, marginalization, and privatization: Catholic secondary schools 49 Professionalization, professional ethics, and legitimations 55 CONCLUSIONS 58