《華嚴經》「十魔業觀」詮釋之比較研究 -- 以法藏和澄觀論述為主=A Comparative Study on Interpretations of the "Contemplation on Ten Kinds of Demonic Obstructions" in Huayen Sūtra: Centering on the Treatises of Fazang's and Chengguan's
In the chapter "Transcending the Mundane World" (Lishijian Pin 離世間品) of the Huayan jing (*Mahāvaipulya Buddhāvataṃsaka Sūtra 華嚴經), there is the concept of "ten kinds of demonic obstructions." Masters through of the ages have different commentaries, such as that in Fazang's Huayanjing tanxuanji 華嚴經探玄記 which states either including or not including, or that in Chengguan's Huayanjing shu 華嚴經疏 stating not including but could be including as well. There are significant differences in the perspectives of the two. When they explained the meaning of "the ten kinds of demonic obstructions," did they complement each other's or did they unfold the interpretations respectively? These are the issues to be clarified. As well, this is the main purpose of this paper. Additionally, there are increasing "psychological difficulties" related to practitioners which could be caused by not being able to practice according to doctrinal teachings. This paper suggests some operational practices and hopefully will lead the practitioner to achieve "the unity of understanding and practice" accordingly. This research applies the exegetical method, centering on Fazang's Huayanjing tanxuanji 華嚴經探玄記 and Dashengqixinlunyiji 大乘起信論義記 along with Chengguan's Huayanjing shu 華嚴經疏 and Huayanjing shuchao 華嚴經疏鈔 as well as covering other relevant works. First the requisiteness as well as causes and conditions between the practitioners and the demonic obstructions is introduced. Then the study compares the similarities and differences in or emphases on the viewpoints on "demon," "demonic obstructions" and "discarding of demonic obstructions" presented by the two masters respectively. Next comes the supplementary on meanings of "ten demonic obstructions" by Chengguan, Finally, a summarized and practical suggestion to discard the demonic obstructions is provided to the practitioners.
