Author Affiliations: Numata Center for Buddhist Studies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
關鍵詞
Ānāpānasati-sutta; Awakening; Breathing; Early Buddhism; Meditation; Mindfulness; Satipaṭṭhāna
摘要
The Ānāpānasati-sutta of the Pāli canon, transmitted by the Theravāda tradition, describes the undertaking of mindfulness of breathing in 16 steps of practice. In what follows, I survey these instructions, based on a comparison of the Ānāpānasati-sutta with three parallel versions, preserved in Chinese translation. These three parallels stem from textual transmission lineages preserved by other Buddhist schools, in the present case, the Mahāsāṅghika, the Mūlasarvāstivāda, and the Sarvāstivāda traditions. The closely similar instructions in the parallel versions show how, based on the single object of the breath coming in and going out, the practice of meditation can unfold in such a way that the four establishments of mindfulness (satipaṭṭhāna) are cultivated, the seven factors of awakening (bojjhaṅga) are brought into being, and eventually liberation (vimutti) can be reached. In this way, the Ānāpānasati-sutta and its parallels present mindfulness of breathing as capable of becoming the vehicle for traversing the entire path to awakening.
目次
4.1 Introduction 55 4.2 The First Tetrad 57 4.3 The Second Tetrad 60 4.4 The Third Tetrad 62 4.5 The Fourth Tetrad 63 4.6 The Four Establishments of Mindfulness 64 4.7 The Awakening Factors 66 4.8 Knowledge and Liberation 67 Abbreviations 69 References 69
