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See the character 桼 in CJKDict

桼 [py] you2 [wg] yu [ko] yu [ja] 儐 yu ||| (1) Through, using, by means of. (2) As, still, even. (3) From; an indication of the ablative case. To depend upon; to come from; according to. (4) That which, whereby. (5) For that reason, therefore. (6) Since. (7) Reason, cause, ground, basis; depending on... means, instrument, source, motive. (8) To follow, permit, allow. (9) At ease; self-possessed. (10) Relationship. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

桼弡 [py] you2xun2 [wg] yu-hsün [ko] yusun [ja] 儐僕儏儞 yujun ||| A transliteration of the Sanskrit yojana, an Indian measure of distance. Depending upon the source, either seven or nine miles, the distance appropriate for one day's travel for an emperor. According to A.L. Basham, in his The Wonder that was India:

"The commonest table [of measurements], omitting microscopic measurements was:

8 yava (barleycorns) = 1 angula (finger's breadth, 3/4 of an inch)
12 angulas = 1 vitasti (span, 9 inches)
2 vitastis = 1 hasta or aratni (cubit, 18 inches)
4 hastas = 1 da.n.da (rod) or dhanus (bow, 6 feet)
2,000 dhanus = 1 kro'sa (cry) or goruta (cow-call, 2 1/4 miles)
4 kro'sas = 1 yojana (stage, 9 miles approximately)

"Though most sources give the kro'sa (in modern Indian languages kos) as of 2,000 da.n.das the Artha'saastra gives it as only 1,000, the yojana, which was the commonest measure of long distances in ancient India, being thus of only 4 1/2 miles. It is therefore clear that there were at least two yojanas, and distances as given in texts are thus very unreliable. It would seem that for practical purposes the shorter yojana was more often used than the longer, especially in earlier times." [from an e-mail post on Buddha-L by Joseph Crea]

[Credit] acm jc(entry) cw(py)

See the character 奅 in CJKDict

奅 [py] jie4 [wg] chieh [ko] kye [ja] 僇僀 kai ||| (dhaatu). "world," "realm." (1) Boundary, environment, realm. For example, the 'three realms' of desire, form and formlessness. (2) World. (3) The essential nature of the individual existence of things, as for example in the term fajie 朄奅. Essence, substance, original nature. The aspect of things as inherent, inborn from previous lifetimes, as opposed to conditioning from the present lifetime. (4) That which supports or sustains. Principle. (5) Discrimination; that which discriminates this and that, giving order in place of confusion. (6) Category, class, species; delimitation, division, kind, type. (7) Element. The compositional elements of human existence, or of perception. (8) The 18 realms 廫敧奅, that is the 18 compositional elements of human existence: the six faculties, the six objects and the six cognitive functions. (9) The compositional elements of the universe: earth, air, water, fire, wind and consciousness. (10) 'Seeds.' In both Huayan and Consciousness-only theory, the seeds in the aalaya-vij~naana are sometimes called 奅, meaning 'element' or 'cause.' 乲囡壘榑 T 1579.30.478c乴 [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

奅奜 [py] jie4wai4 [wg] chieh-wai [ko] kyôe [ja] 僇僀僎 kaige ||| (1) Outside the gate (as in the Lotus Sutra 's parable of the burning house). (2) Outside of regulations. (3) That which is outside the three realms 嶰奅. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

See the character 堌 in CJKDict

堌 [py] wei4 [wg] wei [ko] oe [ja] 僀 i ||| (1) To be afraid; to be in awe of; to dread. To be apprehensive. To dislike, to hate. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

See the character 棷 in CJKDict

棷 [py] liu2 [wg] liu [ko] ryu, yu [ja] 儖 ru ||| (1) Stop, stay, keep, detain, remain. (2) Be limited to, be confined to. (3) To put to an end; to cease. Pull to a halt. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

棷釭 [py] liu2ai4 [wg] liu-ai [ko] yuae [ja] 儖僎 ruge ||| To hinder, block, stop up. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

See the character 抺 in CJKDict

抺 [py] xu4 [wg] ch'u, chu [ko] ch'uk [ja] 僠僋 chiku ||| (1) To store, stock up, save, put aside, keep, accumulate, gather. (2) That which is stored, kept, gathered, etc. (3) To restrain, stop. (4) To rear, to feed, to cultivate. (5) Cattle, domestic animals. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

抺惗 [py] chu4sheng1 [wg] ch'u-sheng [ko] ch'uksaeng [ja] 僠僋僔儑僂 chikushou ||| Rebirth as an animal (tiryag-yoni). One of the six destinies 榋摴, one of the three evil destinies 嶰湨庯, one of the ten realms 廫奅. This rebirth occurs due to a predominance of mistaken activity in one's prior lifetime, due mostly to foolishness. 乲曥嶧慞夲鉙 T 1582.30.961b2乴 [Dictionary References] naka955d [Credit] acm(entry)

See the character 昄 in CJKDict

昄 [py] bi4 [wg] pi [ko] p'il [ja] 僸僣 hitsu ||| To finish, conclude. All, together. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

昄桧 [py] bi4jing4 [wg] pi-ching [ko] p'ilgyông [ja] 僸僢僉儑僂 hikkyou ||| (atyanta). (1) Absolute, (2) Final, most, the limit. After all, finally, in the long run. (3) Positively, decidedly, absolutely. (4) Again, in conclusion (punar). (5) Necessarily. (6) Enlightenment. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

昄桧晄惗 [py] bi4jing4 bu4sheng1 [wg] pi-ching pu-sheng [ko] p'ilgyông pulsaeng [ja] 僸僢僉儑僂僼僔儑僂 hikkyoufushou ||| "Absolute non-arising;" a description of the condition of absolute reality. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

See the character 棯 in CJKDict

棯 [py] lue4 [wg] lüeh [ko] yak [ja] 儕儍僋 ryaku ||| (samasta). (1) To grasp, handle, deal with, treat, (2) A plan, a plot. (3) A border, edge; realm. (4) Simple, abbreviated, outlined. Brief and to the point. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

棯缱怴壺殠鉙廋峴師戞寛媈榑 [py] Lue4shi4 xin1hua1yan2jing1 xiu1xing2ci4di4 jue2yi2 lun4 [wg] Lüeh-shih hsin Huayan ching hsiu-hsing tz'u-ti chüeh-i lun [ko] Yaksôk sinhwaômgyông suhaengch'aje kyôlûi non [ja] 儕儍僋僔儍僋僔儞働僑儞僉儑僂僔儏僐僂僔僟僀働僠僊儘儞 Ryakushaku shinkegonkyou shugyoushidai ketsugi ron ||| Lueshi xin Huayan jing xiuxing cidi jueyi lun; , by Li Tongxuan 棝捠尯. T 1741.36.1011c-1049c. [Credit] acm(entry)

See the character 堎 in CJKDict

堎 [py] yi4 [wg] i [ko] i [ja] 僀 i ||| (1) To differ, to be different. Another, a different one. To differentiate, to distinguish. (2) Strange, unusual, rare, inconceivable. (3) Great, excellent, marvelous. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

堎弉 [py] yi4shou2 [wg] i-shu [ko] isuk [ja] 僀僕儏僋 ijuku ||| 'variant maturation.' (1) The variance in times and types of karmic maturation or fruition (Skt. vipaaka, vaipaakya, Tib. rnam par smin). The deviation of results (karmic fruits) in relation to the quality of their causes. The fact that good and evil fruits can seem to have neutral, or even opposite results. (2) The separation between causes and their fruition through succeeding worlds, or time. (3) The results of activity; the results of moral intention. The various results of good and evil actions. (Pali: phala). (4) "Already matured fruits" of karmic activity. (5) According to Consciousness-only theory, the natural fruition of the latent power of good and evil activities (karma). (6) The term is used especially in reference to the aalayavij~naana 垻棅栯幆. In the Chengweishi lun 惉桞幆榑, the variant maturation of the aalaya is distinguished from that of other consciousnesses, since the latter are actually produced from the former. 乲桳晹棩, T vol. 23, p. 647c; 廤堎栧榑, T vol. 26, p. 369c.; 惉桞幆榑, T vol. 31, p. 1a.; 囡壘榑 T 1579.30.290c23乴 (7) A reference to unenlightened activity wherein one bases one's activities on knowledge of worldly phenomena instead of knowledge of reality. [Dictionary References] naka36a [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

堎弉嬸 [py] yi4shu2yu2 [wg] i-shu-yü [ko] isug'u [ja] 僀僕儏僋僌 ijukugu ||| Folly in regard to one's understanding of mundane phenomena, which results in the production of evil karma. 乲洈朄榑 T 1606.31.728c9乴 [Credit] acm(entry)

堎弉壥 [py] yi4 shou2guo3 [wg] i-shou-kuo [ko] isuggwa [ja] 僀僕儏僋僇 ijukuka ||| The unusual or impossible case where the quality of the effect is different from that of the cause. A result which is of a different nature from its cause. [Dictionary References] naka36b [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

堎弉幆 [py] yi4 shou2 shi4 [wg] i-shou-shih [ko] isuksik [ja] 僀僕儏僋僔僉 ijukushiki ||| The consciousness which brings various kinds of karmas to fruition. A connotative term for the aalaya-vij~naana (vipaaka-vij~naana). Also see 嶰擻澨. [Dictionary References] naka36b [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

堎惗 [py] yi4sheng1 [wg] i-sheng [ko] isaeng [ja] 僀僔儑僂 ishou ||| (1) 'Worldling,''ordinary person.' The ideograph i 堎 means to differ, or to vary. Therefore this term, which literally means "different birth," or "different existence," is explained as (a) the ordinary person "differing" from the sage, or (b) the fact that an ordinary person, due to his/her good and evil acts, is reborn into various existences, such as heaven, hell, hungry ghost, etc. (2) Worldly, profane. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

堎惗惈 [py] yi4 sheng1xing4 [wg] i-sheng-hsing [ko] isaengsông [ja] 僀僔儑僂僔儑僂 ishoushou ||| (prthagjanatva). The 'nature of ordinary people.' 堎惗 (yisheng) means ordinary person, or 'worldling.' (1) One of the 24 elements not concomitant with mind 怱晄憡滀峴朄 in Consciousness-only theory. From the first of the ten bodhisattva-ground stages, the adept practitioner cuts off the seeds of the deluded view of the three worlds, and possesses the undefiled saintly nature. Nonetheless, when a sage gives rise to the worldly mind and it becomes manifest, it is not different from the mind of an ordinary person; yet the worldling differs from the sage in that he possesses the seeds of deluded view. This 'worldling-nature' is something bound to transmigration and provisionally based on the seeds of defilement. (2) The inability to gain access to the path of the sages. (3) A term for the seeds of defilement in regular people. According to Consciousness-only theory, in the case of those of bodhisattva nature and undetermined nature, these are the seeds of the two hindrances of the hindrance by the known and hindrance due to defilement, while in the case of those possessing the nature of `sraavaka and pratyekabuddha, it refers only to the seeds of hindrance due to defilement. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

堎憡 [py] yi4xiang4 [wg] i-hsiang [ko] isang [ja] 僀僜僂 isou ||| 'Difference', 'differentiation.' (1) "Changing;" One of the four stages that the course of all existences, from their arising to their extinction, are divided into. One of The 'four marks of conditioned existence' 巐桳啜憡. (2) The appearance, or manifestation of difference. When all things are each seen individually, there are discernable differences (see 榋憡) (paraspara) (Lankaavataara-suutra). (3) The 'differentiated aspect' 暿堎憡. Despite the fact that both the enlightened world of pure existences and the world of defiled existences produced by ignorance have true thusness/original enlightenment as their essence, illusory distinctions are produced through the defiled mind of sentient beings. Also called "discriminated aspect", and "arising and ceasing aspect" (Awakening of Faith). (4) The appearance of possessing characteristics (Wu-chiao chang). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

堎椶 [py] yi4lei4 [wg] i-lei [ko] iryu [ja] 僀儖僀 irui ||| 俙"different type of being" or "different types of beings." From a human standpoint, beings such as animals or hungry ghosts; or any of the other five (or six) destinies. (2) People who vary in basic constitution. (3) Difference; to differ. [Dictionary References] naka38C [Credit] acm(entry)

See the character 醕 in CJKDict

醕 [py] dang1 [wg] tang [ko] tang [ja] 僩僂 tou ||| (1) Should be, granted, deserve; what is right according to reason. (2) Future case; will be, will. (3) Have to (do),should (do), ought to (do). (4) Then, at that time. (5) In the presence of, in the place, in, at. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

醕忢 [py] dang1chang2 [wg] tang-ch'ang [ko] tangsang [ja] 僩僂僕儑僂 toujou ||| The "future constant." The possession of Buddha nature by all sentient beings. (Nirvaana Sutra) [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

醕忣 [py] dang1 qing2 [wg] tang-ch'ing [ko] tangjông [ja] 僩僂僕儑僂 toujou ||| 'Common sense', 'habituated thought'; manifested subsequent to belief in the reality of form, mind and sentient beings. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

醕忣尰憡 [py] dang1qing2 xian4xiang1 [wg] tang-ching-hsien-hsiang [ko] tangjônghyônsang [ja] 僩僂僕儑僂僎儞僜僂 toujougensou ||| The deludedly cognized world which is manifest on the basis of people's mistaken attachment. The aspect of existence is also called bianjisuozhixing 曊寁強幏惈. "Habitually manifest aspect." [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

醕惗 [py] dang1sheng1 [wg] tang-sheng [ko] tangsaeng [ja] 僩僂僔儑僂 toushou ||| The next life; one's coming lifetime. [Dictionary References] naka1006b [Credit] acm(entry)

醕惗垽 [py] dang1sheng1ai4 [wg] tang-sheng-ai [ko] tangsaeng'ae [ja] 僩僂僔儑僂傾僀 toushouai ||| The feeling of attachment toward the coming life that one gives rise to as one approaches the moment of death in this life. One of three kinds of attachment 嶰垽. [Dictionary References] naka1006b [Credit] acm(entry)

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