Periphrastic perfect
Is formed by attaching the
suffix -am to
the verb's root (roots bhi-,
hri-,
bhr-,
hu- are first reduplicated) and then adding perfect forms of these
verbs:
as- ("to be"; asa).
kr-
("to do"; cakre or cakara),
bhu-
("to be"; babhuva),
that is, these
forms:
Verb "to be" (as-,
perfect parasmaipada):
|
|
Sg.
|
Du.
|
Pl.
|
|
1.
|
asa
|
asiva
|
asima
|
|
2.
|
asitha
|
asathuh
|
asa
|
|
3.
|
asa
|
asatuh
|
asuh
|
Verb "to do" (kr-,
perfect parasmaipada):
|
|
Sg.
|
Du.
|
Pl.
|
|
1.
|
cakara
|
cakrva
|
cakrma
|
|
2.
|
cakartha
|
cakrathuh
|
cakra
|
|
3.
|
cakara
|
cakratuh
|
cakruh
|
Verb "to do" (kr-,
perfect atmanepada):
|
|
Sg.
|
Du.
|
Pl.
|
|
1.
|
cakre
|
cakrvahe
|
cakrmahe
|
|
2.
|
cakrse
|
cakrathe
|
cakrdhve
|
|
3.
|
cakre
|
cakrate
|
cakrire
|
Verb "to be" (bhu-,
perfect parasmaipada):
|
|
Sg.
|
Du.
|
Pl.
|
|
1.
|
babhuva
|
babhuviva
|
babhuvima
|
|
2.
|
babhuvitha
|
babhuvathuh
|
babhuva
|
|
3.
|
babhuva
|
babhuvatuh
|
babhuvuh
|
Examples:
Verb "to lead" (ni-),
parasmaipada:
|
|
Sg.
|
Du.
|
Pl.
|
|
1.
|
nayayamasa
|
nayayamasiva
|
nayayamasima
|
|
2.
|
nayayamasitha
|
nayayamasathuh
|
nayayamasa
|
|
3.
|
nayayamasa
|
nayayamasatuh
|
nayayamasuh
|
Verb "to speak" (vac-),
parasmaipada:
|
|
Sg.
|
Du.
|
Pl.
|
|
1.
|
vacayajcakara
|
vacayajcakrva
|
vacayajcakrma
|
|
2.
|
vacayajcakartha
|
vacayajcakrathuh
|
vacayajcakra
|
|
3.
|
vacayajcakara
|
vacayajcakratuh
|
vacayajcakruh
|
Verb "to unite" (yuj-),
atmanepada:
|
|
Sg.
|
Du.
|
Pl.
|
|
1.
|
yojayajcakre
|
yojayajcakrvahe
|
yojayajcakrmahe
|
|
2.
|
yojayajcakrse
|
yojayajcakrathe
|
yojayajcakrdhve
|
|
3.
|
yojayajcakre
|
yojayajcakrate
|
yojayajcakrire
|
Verb "to carry" (bhr-),
parasmaipada:
|
|
Sg.
|
Du.
|
Pl.
|
|
1.
|
bibharajbabhuva
|
bibharajbabhuviva
|
bibharajbabhuvima
|
|
2.
|
bibharajbabhuvitha
|
bibharajbabhuvathuh
|
bibharajbabhuva
|
|
3.
|
bibharajbabhuva
|
bibharajbabhuvatuh
|
bibharajbabhuvuh
|