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動員佛教徒進行社會主義生產：毛時期九華山的寺院經濟研究（1949–1976）=Mobilizing Buddhists for Socialist Production: A Study of Monastic Economy on Mt. Jiuhua during the Mao Era (1949–1976) |
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| Author |
歐陽楠 (著)
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| Source |
2021 第八屆漢傳佛教與聖嚴思想國際學術研討會
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| Date | 2021.06.29 |
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| Publisher | 財團法人聖嚴教育基金會 |
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| Publisher Url |
https://www.shengyen.org.tw/index.aspx?lang=cht
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| Location | 臺北, 臺灣 [Taipei, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 會議論文=Proceeding Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Keyword | 佛教=Buddhism; 毛時期=Mao-era; 寺院經濟=Monastic Economy; 社會主義改造=Socialist Transformation; 聖山=Sacred Mountain; 當代中國宗教=Modern Chinese Religion |
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| Abstract | 近期隨著有關毛時期佛教新材料的湧現，對此課題展開深入的個案研究和重新認識也成為必要。本研究主要依靠豐富的地方檔案，首次研究了典型的深山佛教中心—九華山—在毛時期的多舛命運。該文主要考察毛時期九華山如何從一個依靠香火錢的朝聖中心轉變為政府眼中由佛教徒組成的生產大隊。本文的主要論點為，在文化大革命（1966–1976）對佛教進行全面破壞之前，毛時期的宗教政策對地方寺院經濟帶來了正、負兩方面的影響。其中，所謂“有利於佛教”的政策包括向年老的佛教徒發放生活補貼以及修繕九華山幾所重要的寺院，而“反佛教”的政策意在減少佛教財產及佛教徒的數量，並強迫佛教徒參與體力勞動。這些表面上相互矛盾的宗教政策使得地方政府能影響並控制對九華山佛教的改造。
The recent gush of new materials on Mao-era Buddhism has called for in-depth case studies and reassessment. Relying on local archives, this paper serves as the first attempt to understand the fate of a rural Buddhist center, Mt. Jiuhua, in the Mao era. It examines how Mt. Jiuhua was transformed from a pilgrimage center relying on religious donations to a production brigade composed of Buddhists in the eyes of the government. It argues that Mao-era policies brought both negative and positive changes to the local Buddhist economy before the full-scale destruction of Buddhism in the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976). The so-called “pro-Buddhist” policies include granting subsidies to elderly Buddhists and renovating several key monasteries, whereas the “anti-Buddhist policies” aimed at reducing the amount of Buddhist properties and Buddhist members and forcing Buddhists to engage in physical labor. These seemingly contradictory policies enabled the local government to exert their control over the revamped Jiuhua Buddhism.
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| Hits | 1033 |
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| Created date | 2022.06.13 |
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| Modified date | 2022.11.24 |
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