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聖嚴法師的默照禪與宏智正覺禪師的承先啟後=Master Sheng Yen’s Teachings on Silent Illumination - Inheriting from Master Hongzhi Zhengjue and Inspiring Future Generations |
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| Author |
釋果幸 (著)=GuoXing Bhikshuni (au.)
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| Source |
2023 第九屆漢傳佛教與聖嚴思想國際學術研討會
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| Date | 2023.06.29 |
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| Publisher | 財團法人聖嚴教育基金會 |
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| Publisher Url |
https://www.shengyen.org.tw/index.aspx?lang=cht
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| Location | 臺北, 臺灣 [Taipei, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 會議論文=Proceeding Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Keyword | 聖嚴法師=Master Sheng Yen; 宏智正覺=Hongzhi Zhingjue; 默照禪=Silent Illumination; 禪宗=Chan |
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| Abstract | 本文以聖嚴法師（1931-2009）默照禪法為研究對象，考察其以承先啓後為原則，在繼承宋代曹洞宗宏智正覺禪師（1091-1157）默照禪之餘，並將默照禪頓法層次化，以建構其現代的默照禪法。為復興漢傳佛教、開展佛教未來，聖嚴法師在繼承臨濟、曹洞兩大法脈的同時，更創立了「中華禪法鼓宗」，展現了法師在承襲傳統禪法之外又有創新。他也強調法鼓山存在的意義與使命是承先啓後，將漢傳佛教的禪重新發揚光大，開啟人間性、生活化的世界禪佛教。
作為曹洞法脈的傳承者，聖嚴法師復興已失傳近八百年的默照禪。為了弘揚默照禪，他不僅繼承宏智禪師語錄中所呈現的默照禪為指導原則，也將頓法的默照禪法層次化，以因應現代人修習默照禪。
本文首先，就聖嚴法師承襲宏智禪師的部分，探究其如何將宏智禪師語錄中呈現的默照悟境，分析要點作為默照禪法的指導原則，並且將宏智禪師所體驗的悟境文字轉化為實際修行默照禪的方法。其次，就聖嚴法師對默照禪法創新之處，考察他自1980年開始指導默照禪至1999年，將頓法的默照禪層次化之演變。進而探究法師在此層次化的默照禪法演變歷程中，如何整合不同傳承的禪法，呈現出其默照禪法的創新之處。最後，就聖嚴法師的默照禪因應現實人間，將之融合與運用在生活上，展現其默照禪法的人間性與生活化的特色。
This paper focuses on Master Sheng Yen’s (1931-2009) teachings on the Chan practice of Silent Illumination as the research topic, investigating how his teachings inherited from the past and inspired the future. While Master Sheng Yen’s approach to Silent Illumination was based on the teachings of Chan Master Hongzhi Zhengjue (1091-1157) of the Caodong lineage in the Song Dynasty, he had further structured Silent Illumination into a modern practice. To revive Chinese Buddhism and inspire Buddhism of the future, Master Sheng Yen established the “Drum Drum Lineage of Chinese Chan”, on the basis of being the lineage holder of the two major Chan lineages – Linji and Caodong. This shows that in addition to inheriting from traditional Chan methods, the master has made innovations to the practices. Master Sheng Yen also emphasized that the significance of Dharma Drum Mountain is to inherit from the past and inspire the future, so that Chinese Chan practices can be further developed and renewed into a universal Buddhist practice which is humanistic and can be applied in daily living.
As a holder of the Caodong lineage, Master Sheng Yen revived the practice of Silent Illumination, the actual teaching of which had been lost for nearly 800 years. To promote the practice of Silent Illumination, not only did Master Sheng Yen use the recorded teachings of Chan Master Hongzhi as the guiding principle, but also provide a staged structure to the original approach of sudden enlightenment, in response to the needs of modern practitioners.
The first part of this paper explores what Master Sheng Yen inherited from Chan Master Hongzhi’s teachings, and how he took the enlightenment state presented in Hongzhi’s records and distilled the key points into the guiding principle of Silent Illumination practice. It then discusses how Master Sheng Yen transformed the description of Hongzhi’s enlightenment experience into actual methods of practice of Silent Illumination. The second part of the paper presents Master Sheng Yen’s innovations in Silent Illumination practice by examining the evolution of his teachings from the time he began to teach Silent Illumination in 1980, to 1999 when he stratified the sudden enlightenment approach to Silent Illumination. It then explores how the master integrated meditation methods of different traditions in the evolution process of his staged approach, presenting the innovations he made in his Silent Illumination teachings. Finally, the paper shows how Silent Illumination practice as taught by Master Sheng Yen responds to the real world and how it can be integrated into and applied in everyday life, illustrating the humanistic and “daily-living” nature of his Silent Illumination teachings. |
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| Hits | 5 |
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| Created date | 2024.10.01 |
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| Modified date | 2024.10.01 |
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