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空海（774～835）的「心」論：從《大日經》到《秘藏寶鑰》=Kūkai’s (774-835) Theory Mind: From the Mahavairocana Sutra to the Hizōhōyaku |
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林佩瑩 (著)=Lin, Pei-ying (au.)
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| Source |
2023 第九屆漢傳佛教與聖嚴思想國際學術研討會
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| Date | 2023.06.30 |
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| Publisher | 財團法人聖嚴教育基金會 |
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| Publisher Url |
https://www.shengyen.org.tw/index.aspx?lang=cht
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| Location | 臺北, 臺灣 [Taipei, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 會議論文=Proceeding Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Keyword | 空海（774~835）=Kukai (774-835); 真言宗=Shingon school; 《十住心論》=Jūjūshinron; 《秘藏寶鑰》=Hizōhōyaku; 《大日經》=Mahavairocana Sutra |
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| Abstract | 空海（774~835）為日本真言宗創始人。空海的重要理論除了即身成佛之外 , 另一個代表觀念為其「十住心論」，闡釋此概念的論著為《十住心論》（全名為《秘密曼荼羅十住心論》）以及《秘藏寶鑰》。空海於後期將十卷《十住心論》濃縮為三卷《秘藏寶鑰》之精要版本。然而不只是卷數之長短不同，作於後的《秘藏寶鑰》還強調了其自身與《大日經》的關聯性，透過問答形式，大幅引用《大日經》文句，《秘藏寶鑰》藉此表達了自身作為「論」的正當性與必要性。
根據空海之敘述，此「十住心」，是依憑佛典經論而進行解釋，根據的經典主要為《大日經》。但究竟空海的「十心」是否完全來自於經典？他依據十心而進行的判教又是否是經典的原意？本文將闡釋《秘藏寶鑰》中「十住心論」的含義，剖析空海如何詮釋經文，以及他再創造解經方法，意即空海「十住心論」實際上並非根據《大日經》以及唐代《大日經疏》進行注釋，而更多屬於他自己的創見。而兩者之間的義理上的歧異所在，正好顯露空海的密教知識論，以及空海的撰述動機。
Kukai (774-835) is the founder of the Shingon sect in Japan. The most well-known theory of Kukai's is probably that of “becoming a Buddha in this life.” In addition, another representative concept is his "Ten Abiding Mind Theory"; the major works which explain this concept are his "Treatise on the Ten Abiding Minds" Theory" (Jp. Jūjūshinron 十住心論 , full name: "Treatise on the Secret Mandala of Ten Abiding Mind", Jp. Himitsumandara -jūjūshinron 秘密曼荼羅十住心論 ) and the "Secret Treasure Key" (Jp. Hizōhōyaku 秘藏寶鑰 ). In a later period, Kukai condensed the ten fascicles of "Treatise on the Ten Abiding Minds" into the three-fascicle "Secret Treasure Key". However, not only are the lengths of the volumes different, but the "Secret Treasure Key" written later also emphasises the relevance between the Mahavairocana Sutra and itself. Through questions and answers, there are ample quotations from the Mahavairocana Sutra; in this way, the "Secret Treasure Key '' attempts to testify its legitimacy and necessity of being a "śāstra" (ie. a standard Buddhist treatise).
This article will explain the theoretical connotations of "Theory of Ten Abiding Minds" in "The Secret Treasure Key", as well as analyse how Kukai interpreted the scriptures, and how he recreated the method of interpreting scriptures. In other words, this means that Kukai's "Theory of Ten Abiding Minds" is not entirely based on the Mahavairocana Sutra or the Chinese "Commentary to the Mahavairocana Sutra as he claims in his works, but much more out of his own originality and reinterpretation. The doctrinal difference between these scriptures reveals Kukai's epistemology of Esoteric Buddhism and Kukai's motivation for inventing these theories. |
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| Hits | 40 |
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| Created date | 2024.10.09 |
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| Modified date | 2024.10.09 |
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