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聖嚴法師對各類修行經驗的融貫與次第化詮釋=Master Sheng Yen's Integration and Sequential Interpretation of Various Spiritual Experiences |
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| Author |
釋覺心 (著)=Loh, Kian-kian (au.)
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| Source |
2023 第九屆漢傳佛教與聖嚴思想國際學術研討會
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| Date | 2023.06.30 |
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| Publisher | 財團法人聖嚴教育基金會 |
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| Publisher Url |
https://www.shengyen.org.tw/index.aspx?lang=cht
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| Location | 臺北, 臺灣 [Taipei, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 會議論文=Proceeding Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Keyword | 聖嚴法師=Master Sheng Yen; 經驗=experience; 宗教; 融貫=integration; 次第化=sequential |
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| Abstract | 理論和實踐，是宗教的兩個重要面向。就後者而言，一切宗教的實踐過程，必然會有一些經驗產生。聖嚴法師是近代漢傳佛教少有的禪師，除了説明自宗禪修過程可能出現的經驗外，還進一步匯通其他宗教和哲學的經驗。由於這些經驗有別於 日常經驗，因此聖嚴法師常用「神祕經驗」與「宗教經驗」命名之。這兩個名詞的意思，在聖嚴法師的某些著作中看起來一致，在某些著作中卻顯得有所差異。兩者是同是異？這是本文藉以切入的問題點，分三個步驟以探討之：（一）釐清聖嚴法師的宗教觀。聖嚴法師在 26 38歲之間，已建立層次化的宗教觀。在此基礎上，他認為各宗教的修行經驗也有層次之別；（二）釐清聖嚴法師對「神祕經驗」和「宗教經驗」二詞的區分。對聖嚴法師而言，「神祕經驗」多由他力的感應所致，「宗教經驗」則由自力的修行所成；（三）釐清聖嚴法師對各類經驗的融貫與層次化詮釋。 聖嚴法師建構的禪法次第，前後有「三我」和「四心」兩種模式，由此開展出三個層次的經驗觀：1.「神秘經驗」：指的是小我（散亂心→集中心）的經驗： 2.「宗教經驗」：指的是大我 統一心 的經驗 3.「 超越經驗 」： 禪的最高層次 ——無我或無心純屬智慧，不是經驗。
Theory and practice are two important aspects of religion. In terms of the latter, practitioners of all religions inevitably have some experiences in the process of practice. Master Sheng Yen is a rare Ch’an master in modern Chinese Buddhism who is able to clearly explaining the possible experiences that may arise in meditation of his own lineage, and integrate them with the experiences of other religions and philosophies around the world. Since these experiences are different from daily experiences, Master Sheng Yen often names them as “Mystical Experience” or “Religious Experience”. The meanings of these two terms seem to be the same in some works of Master Sheng Yen, but they are different in some other works. Are they the same or different? This is the starting issue being discussed in this paper. First of all, I examined Master Sheng Yen's religious view. The results show that Master Sheng Yen has established a hierarchical religious view between the ages of 26-38. On this basis, he believes that there are different levels of practice experience among world religions. Secondly, I clarified how Master Sheng Yen distinguished the definitions of “Mystical Experience” and “Religious Experience”. According to Master Sheng Yen's point of view, “Mystical Experience” is mostly caused by the induction of external forces, while “Religious Experience” is the result of self-cultivation. Thirdly, I clarified the integration and hierarchical interpretation of various experiences by Master Sheng Yen. There are two models of practice available in Master Shengyen's Ch’an teaching, that is Three Self and Four Mind””. Mysterious Experience refers to the experience appear in the stage of small-Self (scattered-Mind concentrated-Mind). Religious Experience refers to the experience appear in the stage of “big-Self” (unified-Mind), included experiences such as “the unity of God and I”, “being with God”, “the unity of man and Heaven”, “the unity of all beings” and “nothingness” etc. mentioned by world religions. The highest level of Ch’an, “no-Self” or “no-Mind”, is not an experience, but pure wisdom. |
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| Hits | 23 |
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| Created date | 2024.10.14 |
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| Modified date | 2024.10.14 |
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