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結繫與煩惱──試析《雜阿含經》關於五蘊和六入處的繩結概念譬喻 |
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| Author |
李庚道 (著)=Lee, Keng-tao (au.)
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| Source |
全國佛學論文聯合發表會論文集（第35屆）
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| Date | 2024.09.27 |
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| Pages | 24 |
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| Publisher | 台灣大學佛學研究中心 |
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| Publisher Url |
https://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~ntucbs/Default.html
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| Location | 臺北市, 臺灣 [Taipei shih, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 會議論文=Proceeding Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 作者單位:中興大學中國文學系博士班四年級 |
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| Keyword | 雜阿含經=Saṃyuktāgama; 概念譬喻=Conceptual Metaphor; 煩惱=kilesa; 五蘊=Pañcakkhandhā; 六入處=Saḷāyatana |
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| Abstract | 「生死輪迴」是佛教對有情生命的終極關懷,「煩惱(kilesa)」被視為生命存續的現象根源。佛教經論運用種種譬喻加以形容描述,其目的為令見聞者對於煩惱,以及隨之招引而有的業力和苦迫,能清晰地感受與理解,從而憬醒覺悟,遠惑趣道,進於離苦得樂。其中,取譬於繩結、繫縛為一相當普遍的現象,形容煩惱捆縛身心,糾纏諸有,顯然必要且用意特殊。本文嘗試通過「概念譬喻理論(ConceptualMetaphor Thery, CMT)」加以釐清。視「譬喻(metaphor)」為反映人類思維結構的語言表現,不僅僅是修辭手段,乃藉由對複數經驗構成概念映射(conceptual mapping)的系統性認知,以理解定義其所生存的世界。在此意欲從早期集成之原始佛教聖典,考察煩惱和解脫的繩結概念譬喻表現。以《雜阿含經》為中心,選擇與身心經驗直接相關之五蘊(pañcakkhandhā)、六入處(saḷāyatana)為對象。《雜阿含經》多次五蘊和內外六入處稱為「結所繫法(saṃyojaniyā dhammā)」,稱欲貪等煩惱為「結」,可見有情眾生的生命與身心,處於被煩惱所繫取、纏縛之狀態。由於對五蘊、六入處的結繫狀態如實知,解脫的目標和方法亦因
而明確。本文意圖解釋:「煩惱的內涵及作用如何通過繩結概念譬喻而被理解?」根據文本思想表現以及文化和經驗的認知基礎,分別由「煩惱與繩結譬喻現象之因緣」和「《雜阿含經》的結所繫法(saṃyojaniyā dhammā)」展開論述。首先,經論中對於煩惱法的界定分類,顯示概念譬喻理論之「複數概念域間的映射現象」。藉由詞彙層面溯源,檢索繩結、繫縛所反映的身心經驗,基於佛教和漢語兩種文化系統交涉。歸納其中的映射規則和概念譬喻模型。再則分析《雜阿含經》透過「結所繫法」的繩結概念譬喻,闡釋五蘊、六入處則「煩惱繫取後有」之作用當中所顯示的差別狀態,探討將煩惱比擬為「結繫」之義趣,並突出其運作於教學和實踐的思維結構。通過概念譬喻模型,顯示煩惱、身心諸法與後有三者間的結構性,提供分析「結繫」作為佛教一種常規譬喻現象之線索。
This paper employs Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) to explore how Buddhist concepts of affliction and "kilesa (defilements) " are understood through the
metaphors of knots and binding, focusing on the"Pañcakkhandhā (the five aggregates) " and "Sa ḷ āyatana (the six sense bases)" in the "Saṃyukt Āgama " . Describing
affliction and "kilesa" using the terms "binding" and "unbinding" is both common and essential in Buddhism. This metaphorical language, rooted in human bodily experience and the cultural frameworks of Buddhism and Chinese, reveals a unique practical philosophy and reflects the structure of human cognition. The metaphors illustrate
these defilements, helping listeners and readers clearly understand the defilements, the karma they generate, and the resulting suffering. This understanding aims to awaken individuals, prompting them to distance themselves from delusions, move towards the path of liberation, and ultimately achieve freedom from suffering and attain happiness. "Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT)" views metaphors as linguistic expressions reflecting human thought, not just rhetorical devices. By systematically
mapping multiple experiences, CMT helps define and understand the world which we live by. The "Saṃyukt Āgama" frequently refers to the five aggregates and the
internal and external six sense bases as "saṃyojaniyā dhammā" (phenomena bound by knots), and it labels defilements such as sensual desire as "knots." This observation reveals that the lives and bodies and minds of sentient beings are in a state of being bound and entangled by defilements.This paper employs CMT to explore how
Buddhist concepts of affliction and liberation are understood through the metaphors of knots and binding . Through etymological analysis, this paper identifies the Conceptual Mapping Model within the metaphor "DEFILEMENT IS KNOTS." The analysis and synthesis of the mapping rules and conceptual metaphor models provide insights into the significance of comparing defilements to knots and bonds. Further explore the metaphor of defilements as knots and binding, highlighting their role in the cognitive structure of teaching and practice. |
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| Table of contents | 摘要
Abstract
一、前言 1
二、煩惱與繩結譬喻現象之因緣 3
(一)取譬於結、繫的種種煩惱數 3
(二)結和繫的文化經驗基礎 6
三、《雜阿含經》的結所繫法 9
(一)五蘊是結所繫法 9
(二)六入處是結所繫法 12
四、結語 18
參考文獻 20
一、原典文獻(按筆劃排序) 20
二、專書和論文集(按出版順序) 20
三、期刊論文(按刊登順序) 20
四、網路資源 21 |
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| Hits | 56 |
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| Created date | 2024.10.18 |
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| Modified date | 2024.10.21 |
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