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癌末病患及家屬接受安寧療護服務之分析--以佛教慈濟綜合醫院為例=The Analysis of Hospice Service for the Terminal Ill Cancer Patients and Their Family--In the Buddhish Tzu Chi General Hospital
Author 沈莉真 (撰)=Shen, Li-chen (compose)
Date1999
Pages170
Publisher國立陽明大學
Publisher Url https://www.nycu.edu.tw/
Location臺北市, 臺灣 [Taipei shih, Taiwan]
Content type博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation
Language中文=Chinese
Degreemaster
Institution國立陽明大學
Department衛生福利研究所
Advisor萬育維=Wanne, Yu-wei
Publication year87
Keyword安寧療護=Hospice; 民族誌學研究法=Ethnography; 善終=Good Death
Abstract臨終關懷理念在1960年代自西方慢慢開展以來,對癌末病患的安寧療護工作已逐漸在世界各地醫療護體系中被重視. 安寧療護服務引進台灣已近十年,目前全台已有15家醫院設有安寧病房,為癌末病患及家屬提供符合四全 (全人,全家,全程,全隊) 的照顧. 然而自推行以來,究竟如何將肇始於西方善終觀念且具崇高理想性的安寧療護服務,透過服務輸送體系落實在國內現行的醫療體制中? 在移植與轉換間產生了什麼衝突,又做了哪些整合? 癌末病患及家屬接受安寧療護服務的經驗與感受又為何? 是本研究所欲探討的.

本研究主目的是藉民族誌學研究法(Ethnography),以佛教慈濟綜合醫院心蓮病房 (安寧病房) 做為研究主場域,並以立意取樣方式,選取該病房的八位癌末病患及家屬做為研究對象,以深入訪談及參與觀察方式蒐集資料,探討安寧療護運用在台灣的本土經驗,並瞭解慈濟醫院以本土宗教信仰為出發的安寧療護服務內容與意涵及癌末病患與家屬接受安寧療護服務的經驗與感受.

本研究的主發現可分為以下幾點:
(一) 癌末病患雖經由不同的途徑轉入心蓮病房,但在受訪的八位病患中並沒一位是因對安寧療護有清楚概念而主動要求入住.
(二) 在入住前的認知與期待方面,癌末病患與家屬對疼痛控制有較高的需求與期待,但同時也存在著心蓮病房是個『等死的地方』心態.
(三) 在接受安寧療護服務後,癌末病患及家屬在疼痛受到控制,及人性化的醫療照顧及空間設計上,可明顯的感受到與過往不同的照顧經驗.
(四) 癌末病患與家屬的關係常存著錯綜複雜的矛盾情形,而團隊成員也在這樣的互動關係中扮演重要的溝通協調的角色.
(五) 家屬陪伴病患在病房中生活,由於身處類似情境彼此間自然形成一個支持系統,這樣的網絡連結則有助病房整體氣氛的營造與帶動.
(六) 在醫院規定與個別差異間的兩難,應以尋求尊重病患的自主權及參與權,滿足病患多元的需求並兼顧機構精神與任務的策略.
(七) 藉心蓮病房的服務介入與與慈濟文化的催化下,確令病患及家屬在宗教觀上及價值觀 (捐贈大體) 改變及達到無憾的善終,但同時也發現病患與家屬對
善終的體認,是深受傳統民間習俗觀念所影響.
(八) 安寧療護對癌末病患的家屬也具教育的功能,由於曾接受過安寧療護的照顧服務,當家屬卸下原有照顧者身份後,也能成一位助人者.
根據本研究的結果與發現,分別對心蓮病房管理上,善終教育推廣上及安寧療護社會工作者提出建議:
(一) 對心蓮病房管理上的建議:
1. 培養團隊成員對癌末病患及家屬身,心,靈需求的評估能力
2. 癌末病患及家屬接受安寧療護服務之期待與認知的澄清與討論
3. 加強遺族悲傷輔導的深度與持續性
4. 各項宣導活動與教育推廣進行的同時應兼顧病患的隱私
5. 提供以病患需求為出發的服務
6. 志工服務與訓練應注重質與量的均衡發展
(二) 對善終教育推廣上的建議:
1. 善終教育的宣導與傳統民俗觀念相結合
2. 善終教育的宣導與宗教信仰相結合
3. 善終教育的宣導與醫學教育相結合
(三) 對安寧療護社會工作者的建議:
1. 朝向安寧療護相關訓練的深度發展
2. 積極發展及建立與癌末病患家屬的合作關係

Summary
Since the development of hospice in the western countries in 1960 decade,the care for the terminally ill cancer patients is progressively emphasized in various medical care delivery systems. The hospice care in Taiwan has been promoted for 10 years and there are 15 hospice wards set up in various hospitals at present to offer the comprehensive care. However,what is the effective way of implementing the hospice care in the current medical delivery system to accomplish the ideal terminal care originated in the occidental concept? What are integrated during the transformation and transplantation of hospice from the western model and what conflicts are evolved? How do the patients and the family experience when they are treated in the hospice environment? All such issues are to be investigated in this study.

This study was based on the method of ethnography and carried out at the Hospice Ward of the Tze-Chi Hospital. The sampling was non-random and 8 patients with their family were selected for detailed interview and observation. The process was to investigate about the local experience in performing the hospice care and to learn the oriental Buddhist way of hospice service. The feeling of the patient and their family toward the hospice care were also analyzed.

The main results of this research can be summarized as follows:
1. Though patients were transferred to the Hospice Ward via various routes, all of the 8 patients did not understand hospice clearly and ask for it.
2. From the viewpoint of expectation and recognition,the patients and family showed most needs and expectation to pain control. Yet,they considered the Hospice Ward as the place to wait for dying.
3. After the hospice treatment,the patient and family graded the pain relief,humanity and spatial orientation of the ward completely different from what they experienced before.
4. There was complicating dilemma situation frequently existing between the patient and the family. The medical personnel played the important
Communicating role in such interaction.
5. The simultaneous presence of the family in the ward for taking care of their patients allowed them to experience in the same condition of the patient and form an intrinsic supportive system.
6. Though there was the obvious contrasting dilemma between the hospitals'
rules and the individuality of the patients, it was necessary to respect the autonomy of the patients and to satisfy their multi-disciplinary needs in face of the different culture and strategy of the medical institution
Table of contents第壹章 緒論 1-5
第一節 研究緣起 1-4
第二節 研究目的 5
第貳章 文獻探討 6-53
第一部份 研究背景介紹
第一節 安寧療護在台灣的發展歷史 6-15
第二節 安寧療護的理念與照顧模式 16-21
第三節 慈濟在台灣 22-26
第四節 慈濟醫院安寧療護服務 27-41
第二部份 相關理論探討與實證研究發現
第五節 善終理論的探討 42-46
第六節 由宗教觀生死 47-53
第參章 研究方法與設計 54-73
第一節 研究問題 54
第二節 研究場域的選擇 55-56
第三節 研究對象 57
第四節 研究方法的選取 58-60
第五節 資料蒐集與分析 61-69
第六節 研究的嚴謹度 70-72
第七節 研究倫理的考量 73
第肆章 研究結果分析 74-126
第一節 基本資料分析 74-81
第二節 通往安寧之路
癌末病患的另一種選擇 82-88
第三節 癌末病患及家屬接受安寧療護服務
的經驗與主觀感受 89-114
第四節 癌末病患及家屬對於善終的體認 115-126
第伍章 結論與建議 127-145
第一節 研究發現與討論 127-137
第二節 研究建議 138-142
第三節 研究限制 143-144
第四節 對未來研究的建議 145
參考文獻 146-157
附 錄 158-170
附錄一 訪談大綱 158-159
附錄二 研究個案簡介 160-163
附錄三 心蓮病房剪影 164-170
Hits770
Created date2001.01.15
Modified date2023.01.16



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