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《地藏菩薩本願經》思想探析=A Study of “Ti-Tsang-Pu-Sa-Pen-Yuan-Ching”
Author 王淨慧 (撰)=Wang, Ching-Hui (compose)
Date2017
Pages114
Publisher國立屏東大學
Publisher Url https://www.nptu.edu.tw/
Location屏東市, 臺灣 [Pingtung shih, Taiwan]
Content type博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation
Language中文=Chinese
Degreemaster
Institution國立屏東大學
Department中國語文學系碩士班
Advisor陳劍鍠
Publication year106
Keyword地藏菩薩本願經=Ti-tsang-pu-sa-pen-yuan-ching; 種子薰習=Chong-tzu-hsun-his-yi; 淨染相通=Jan-ching-hsiang-tung; 稱名念佛=Chant Buddh
Abstract《地藏菩薩本願經》與《占察善惡業報經》、《地藏十輪經》一起被稱為地藏三經,在中國的地藏信仰上,發揮非常大的作用,其中《藏菩薩本願經》更是在坊間廣為流傳。儘管它在地藏信仰及民間思想的影響上有著重要性,然而因其真偽問題,深入而完整探究《本願經》的專書並不算多。
  本文即以探討《本願經》思想為主軸,先從傳譯者、流通年代等文獻,分析該經疑偽之說,爬梳《地藏菩薩本願經》及地藏信仰從古代流傳至近代的發展狀況。接續以《地藏菩薩本願經》的地獄觀、眾生造作之因,從唯識的阿賴耶識、「種子薰習義」等角度切入,認為經中所云:「當據本業所感地獄」是強調現行決定眾生將往何處去,其行惡眾生所看見的地獄、所受的苦報,亦是由現行所做之惡業所感召;此概念符合唯識的種子義。接著再以淨染之相,探析與華嚴的相似之處;關於該經與《大方廣佛華嚴經》的關係,蕅益智旭即有注意到,他認為《地藏菩薩本願經》闡述地獄諸般苦報,其實也是藉由汙染相來闡發清淨相,符合華嚴宗所提出的「三性異同」之說。最後,接續華嚴的淨染相通,以經中〈稱佛名號品第九〉為核心,由經中所講述的稱佛功德及禮敬之法門,辨析與淨土法門「稱名念佛」之異同,並探究該經中的淨土生因與影響。
  從理上來說,雖然《本願經》一般只注意到孝道思想的部分,然經中也蘊含了唯識、華嚴等諸宗思想,不但使得經典的內容更加豐富,且也使得業感緣起、地獄等觀念更有依據;從事上來看,經中不只提供了亡者的利益之法,也論述了生者諸多禮敬的方法及功德,勸人發心發願,指引解脫離苦的道路。清代日本僧人真常法師稱許:「地藏菩薩本願經者,頓脫生死之捷徑,速到涅槃之津梁,起死回生之良藥,閉惡興善之寶鑑也。」果如其言!

Ti-tsang-pu-sa-pen-yuan-ching(《地藏菩薩本願經》), Chan-cha-shan-e-yeh-pao ching(《占察善惡業報經》), along with Ta-cheng-ta-chi-Ti-tsang-shih-lun-ching(《大乘大集地藏十輪經》)are considered as “Three Sutras of Kstigarbha” in China’s Kstigarbha belief system. Among them, Ti-tsang-pu-sa-pen-yuan-ching is well-known in Chinese folk religion. Despite its popularity and importance, a further research has not ever discussed because of possibly apocryphal problems.
  This thesis will focus on Ti-tsang-pu-sa-pen-yuan-ching, and analyse such questions of authors or translators, circulation, as well as some false texts, by which, firstly, to outline a basic picture of faith in Kstigarbha. Secondly, paying attention to the concept of “hell”, “causes of beings by the sentient”, Alaya-vijnana(阿賴耶識)of Wei-shih(唯識), and Chong-tzu-hsun-his-yi(種子薰習義), as the book writes “hell affected by karma” can determine where the sentient to go, similarly, evil the sentient commit, affecting what hell they may see, what karma they may receive, according to Alaya-Vijnana of Wei-shih. Thirdly, through “the aspect of purity and discoloration” to compare with Sutra of Hua-yen(華嚴), as Ou-yi Chih-hsu(蕅益智旭,1599─1655)said, “hell” and “karma” is immensely related with “the aspect of purity and discoloration”, corresponding to what Hua-yen sect called the theory of San-hsiang-yi-tung(三性異同). Fourthly, dealing with “The merits of invoke Buddha” and “The way of worship” in “The Ninth Article of Chant Buddh”(〈稱佛名號品第九〉), to discover the similarities and differences of “Pure Land School” between “Chant Buddh”.
  Besides of generally acknowledged ideas of Confucian doctrine of filial piety, Ti-tsang-pu-sa-pen-yuan-ching contains some thoughts of Wei-shih school and Hua-yen school which make this book more complicated, and also confirm the concept of “arising from conditional causation” and “hell”. In this book, not only provides interest way of the dead, but also gives the survivors certain rules over worship and merits, in order to free oneself from difficulties.
Table of contents摘要 I
Abstract II
目次 IV
第一章 緒論 1
 第一節 研究動機與目的 1
 第二節 研究方法 2
 第三節 前人研究成果 6
 第四節 《地藏菩薩本願經》概述 11

第二章 《地藏菩薩本願經》之疑偽問題與中國化信仰 17
 第一節 傳譯版本的問題 17
  一、 地藏菩薩名傳入時代 17
  二、 《地藏菩薩本願經》譯者 21
  三、 《地藏菩薩本願經》疑偽說 28
  四、 《地藏菩薩本願經》流通情況與產生年代 33
 第二節 中國化的地藏信仰 39
  一、 末法思想與地藏信仰 39
  二、 明清時期的地藏信仰傳播 45

第三章 《地藏菩薩本願經》的唯識觀念 50
 第一節 《本願經》中的業力思想 50
  一、 地獄的感召──現行薰種子 51
  二、 眾生的持續造作──種子生現行 54
 第二節 《本願經》中的雜染流轉義 57
  一、 三種雜染 58
  二、 兩種生死與轉識成智 64

第四章 《地藏菩薩本願經》的華嚴觀念 68
 第一節 《本願經》中的三性異同 68
  一、 翻染顯淨門 70
  二、 以淨應染門 72
  三、 會染即淨門 74
 第二節 性起與緣起 77
  一、 「性起因果」與「緣修因果」 78
  二、 淨染緣起與淨染性起 81

第五章 《地藏菩薩本願經》的淨土修持 86
 第一節 去聖已遠,稱名救度 86
  一、 稱名念佛的救度意義 86
  二、 仰仗佛力,成就淨業 89
 第二節 懺悔滅罪,稱名念佛 93
  一、 稱名滅罪 93
  二、 稱名見佛 98
第六章 結論 102
徵引文獻 104
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Created date2021.10.28
Modified date2023.01.10



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