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近世日本天台宗的儀式文本與護國思想：以《東照宮大權現講式》為例=Ritual Texts and State-protective Ideas of Tendai School in Early Modern Japan: Focusing on Tosho-gu Daigongen Koshiki |
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| Author |
郭珮君 (著)=Kuo, Pei-chun (au.)
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| Source |
2023 第九屆漢傳佛教與聖嚴思想國際學術研討會
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| Date | 2023.07.01 |
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| Publisher | 財團法人聖嚴教育基金會 |
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| Publisher Url |
https://www.shengyen.org.tw/index.aspx?lang=cht
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| Location | 臺北, 臺灣 [Taipei, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 會議論文=Proceeding Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Keyword | 《東照宮大權現講式》=Tosho-gu Daigongen Koshiki; 天海=Tenkai; 德川家康=Tokugawa Ieyasu; 講式=Koshiki; 天台宗=Tendai school |
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| Abstract | 儀式文本是考察佛教思想如何實踐的重要資料，提供諸多認識特定時空背景下佛教文化表現的線索。在日本佛教的脈絡中，有一類稱作「講式」的文本，作為法會舉辦時的核心文獻，不但具備法會操作手冊的實用性功能，其中的表白文及發願文更充分展示出主持法會的僧侶及贊助法會的檀越對於此法會的期待及願景。日本天台宗自平安時代中後期，已發展出獨自的大師講，透過講式來彰顯對於本宗大師的崇敬，同時傳承傳教大師最澄（ 767-822）不斷強調的護國願望。到了江戶時期，隨著政治權力中心的東移，天海(1536?-1643)在江戶發展天台宗的教學，最終出現了可與比叡山遙相呼應的東叡山寬永寺。而神化德川家康（1542-1616）的「東照宮大權現」，也在各種文本交織的脈絡下，出現專屬於東照宮大權現的《東照宮大權現講式》。本文將梳理日本天台宗講式傳統的脈絡與特色，分析《東照宮大權現講式》的內容與結構，透過儀式文本說明近世天台宗如何透過講式文本傳承其源遠流長的護國傳統。
Ritual texts are essential for observing how Buddhist ideas practice religiously, and they offer many clues to identify Buddhist cultural representation for a certain period. In Japanese Buddhism, one kind of Ritual text called koshiki is mainly used for a ceremony. Koshiki is practical as a manual, and prayer texts can usually be found in it. With the prayer texts, one can fully understand the purpose of this ceremony and the anticipations of the sponsors. Ever since the middle period of Heian, the Japanese Tendai school has formed a ceremony called Daishi-ko, which was to worship masters of the Tendai school with Koshiki, and their wish to protect the country was also highlighted in this kind of ceremony. During the Edo period, along with the movement of political power, the Tendai school was also developed in the Kanto area by Tenkai (1536?-1643), and finally, a high-ranked temple Kanei was built. A sacred icon of Tokugawa Ieyasu (1542-1616) as Tosho-gu Daigongen, both political and religiously worshipped in Edo, could be found in different contexts and end up with a one-of-a-kind Tosho-gu Daigongen Koshiki. This article will analyze the content and structure of Tosho-gu Daigongen Koshiki, with the background of the contexts set up by the Japanese Tendai school, to explain how the Tendai school promotes its state-protection tradition through ritual texts in the Edo period. |
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| Hits | 30 |
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| Created date | 2024.10.16 |
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| Modified date | 2024.10.21 |
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