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從分析哲學觀點評述三論宗與康德哲學, 天台宗, 華嚴宗之異同
Author 方東美 ; 楊政河
Source 華岡佛學學報=Hwakang Buddhist Journal
Volumen.5
Date1981.12
Pages113 - 143
Publisher中華學術院佛學研究所
Publisher Url http://www.chibs.edu.tw/
Location臺北市, 臺灣 [Taipei shih, Taiwan]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language中文=Chinese
Note作者為前台大哲學研究所教授;台灣大學哲學系教授

Keyword三論宗; 天台宗; 華嚴宗; 吉藏; 緣生法; 判教=教判=classification of Buddhist teachings; 康德哲學; 比較宗教
Abstract本文係屬於授課錄音筆記,非前後一貫之論文. 文中係
用分析比較哲學的方法,評述三論宗集大成吉藏大師「中觀
論疏」中,闡發龍樹菩薩「因緣所生法,我說即是空,亦為
是假名,亦是中通義」四句偈. 為使人不停滯於言教,令人
無不契合於真理起見,對四句偈設立種種釋義,不僅各自具
有四層的不同轉折關係,且每種轉折又彰顯出四種不同意
義的小轉折,形成十六種不同的層次,開展出三論宗的批評
方法. 不過三論宗跟康德批評哲學來比較又有很大距離,康
德在尋得理性綜合作用,形成普通真理後,對支持它上進
的「超越自我」,反而不能變成知識的對象. 如此經由它所
搭架的橋樑就垮掉了,而真正理性即成假理性. 故對三論宗
千萬不能把批評思想變做獨斷的形態,應做綿延不絕的創
造進程,在精神上做無窮的超昇,否則若變成獨斷形態,馬
上就會垮掉. 由於吉藏大師的三論哲思太注重分析法,批評
法,太具嚴格的思想方法,故自唐代以後幾乎變成絕學,
最後被化歸到天台宗的思想領域. 然而由於對佛經所依之觀
點與判教的不同,自然又可以看出三論宗與天台宗,華嚴宗
的異同.

This article is the transcription of a recorded
classroom lecture. It gives a critical survey on the
Commentary to the `Madhyamika Sastra`,a work by the
great `Madhyamika` scholar Master Chi Tsang.
Bodhisattva `Nagarjuna` said in the `Madhyamika
Sastra`:"All dharmas that are conditionally
produced,I say,are none other than emptiness
itself; they are unreal names; and yet they are also
implications of the Middle Way." This four-line
verse is interpreted in sixteen levels of logical
analysis, thereby giving shape to the reasoning
method of the `Madhyamika` sect. Such a method is a
far cry from that of the Kantian philosophy,and
also differs from what is found in the T'ien T'ai
and Hua Yen sects.
Table of contents一、吉藏中論疏四句偈所彰顯批評精神 114
(一)因緣所生法的四層意義 116
(二)我說即是空的四項意義 119
(三)亦為是假名的四項意義 123
(四)亦為中道義的四項意義 128
二、三論宗與康德哲學異同之比較 135
三、三論宗與天台宗、華嚴宗之異同 137
Hits982
Created date1998.07.22
Modified date2017.08.22



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