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雲岡第七八雙窟之研究=The Study of a Double Cave Ⅶ and Ⅷ in Yun-kang Caves
Author 謝振發 (撰)=Shieh, Cheng-fa (compose)
Date1997
Pages132
Publisher國立臺灣大學
Publisher Url https://www.ntu.edu.tw/
Location臺北市, 臺灣 [Taipei shih, Taiwan]
Content type博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation
Language中文=Chinese
Degreemaster
Institution國立臺灣大學
Department藝術史研究所
Advisor李玉珉
Publication year85
Keyword謝振發; Shieh, Cheng-fa; 雲岡石窟; 北魏雕刻; 雙窟; 二佛並坐; 佛教造像; 維摩詰; Yun-Kang Caves
Abstract在雲岡石窟中,第七、八雙窟左右相鄰,規模大小相當,石窟的形制亦同,且鑿有甬道將這兩個洞窟連接起來。此外,在第七、八雙窟的造像上,前室的外側壁皆雕繪本生圖,相鄰的內側壁都作千佛龕;主室造像也呈照應的關係,一方面雙窟的尊像作相互對置的布排,另一方面又以佛傳和維摩詰等造像貫串雙窟。 就雕刻風格來看,第七、八雙窟的營造年代約當北魏獻文帝天安、皇興年間(466-471),最遲也在孝文帝延興年間(471-475)完工。獻文帝時開鑿第七,八雙窟是基於陰陽相配的原則,為皇考妣文成帝、后祈求冥福。<釋老志>記載,宣武帝準雲岡石窟於伊闕開窟二所,為皇考妣孝文帝、后祈福,顯見雲岡雙窟之制於播遷洛陽後仍盛行不墮。

值得注意的是,第七、八雙窟造像的掌背上刻劃有弧形標記,和陝西派的北魏造像同,如皇興五年和承明元年像,這似暗示陝西和平城兩地佛教美術相交流的情事。此外 第七、八雙窟的造像典出《法華經》和《維摩詰經》兩部大乘佛典,其造像意涵乃是受到長安羅什教學的影響;藉由佛傳龕像的開展,將二佛並坐以及維摩詰等造像連繫起,表現出《法華經》會通般若諸經的教理意趣。 至於第七、八雙窟這種透過石窟造像傳寫佛典要旨,可能和僧統曇曜的付法藏精神有關,藉由堅貞不壞的石窟傳載法藏,以期住世不絕。在此之前太武廢佛,第七、八雙窟正反映出平城教團對佛法的危機感。
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Created date2000.11.30
Modified date2023.01.16



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