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從支謙譯經語言論三國時代複音節的動詞變化=Variation in Dual-Syllabic Verbs of Three Kingdom Period (A.D.220-280): A Study Based on Zhi Qian’s Buddhist Scripture Translation |
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| Author |
竺家寧 (著)=Chu, Chia-ning (au.)
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| Source |
圓光佛學學報=Yuan Kuang Journal of Buddhist Studies
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| Volume | n.27 |
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| Date | 2016.06 |
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| Publisher | 圓光佛學研究所=Yuan Kuang Buddhist College |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.ykbi.edu.tw/
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| Location | 桃園縣, 臺灣 [Taoyuean hsien, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Keyword | 複音節動詞=dual-syllabic verb; 佛經語言=language of translated Buddhist scriptures; 中古漢語=Middle Chinese; 構詞學=morphology |
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| Abstract | 本文主要的取材來自於三國時代的佛經。在這些佛經當中，可以看出雙音節詞已經成為主流，其中提供了由上古漢語單音節走向中古漢語雙音節的許多演化信息。本文把討論的焦點放在動詞方面，因為動詞是語言表達中最基礎的語法範疇。在這些複合動詞當中，我們可以看到單音節詞素是如何組合、建構起來，它的組合規律如何；又如何透過這樣的組合呈現新的語義，這些狀況，都值得作進一步分析、觀察，從當中找出詞素組合的理據，並觀察其演化至現代漢語的規律。本文的重點放在三個方面，第一是討論動詞「V著」的發展。其次是討論用動詞「行」組合而成的「行見、行住、行亂」等，這個「行」字具有很強的構詞能力，同時，它本身的意義，也產生了弱化，通常會放在一個動詞的前面，來標誌這是一個動詞。因此我們也可以把它看作是三國時代新發展的一個動詞性前綴。第三是「V下∕V上」的發展。這些都是三國時代動詞結構上比較顯著的特色。三國時代正是漢語由上古進入中古的轉捩點，而動詞又是語法中的核心問題，因此本文設定了這樣的目標，希望透過支謙譯經語言的動詞分析，看看當時漢語變遷的一些現象。
This thesis is conducted based on the translated Buddhist scriptures of Three Kingdom Period (A.D.220-280). From these translated Buddhist scriptures, we can see that dual-syllabic verbs have become a mainstream in contemporary literatures, providing researchers with several evolution signs to study the entire language transformation from monosyllabic verbs in Old Chinese to dual-syllabic verbs in Middle Chinese. Since verb is the most fundamental grammatical category in language expression, this thesis mainly focuses on the studies of verb composition. From these compound verbs, we are provided with ample opportunities to study the combinations, structures and rules for monosyllabic verbs, as well as how these verbs are combined to generate new meanings. All these subjects are worth our further analysis and observations to locate the foundation and regulations for verb combination and entire language evolution. Subject matters in this thesis can be broken down into three parts. The first part focuses on the development of the phrase “Verb + 著 (pinyin: zhe)”. The second part focuses on the combination of the verb “行 (pinyin: xing)” with other verbs to form new phrases, such as “行見、行住、行亂 (pinyin: xing-jian, xing-zhu, and xing-luan)”. “行” is a verb with strong word composition power. Due to its original meaning, this verb can be utilized to create “lenition”, which softens the entire phrase. Usually, “行” is placed right before other verb to emphasize that the latter is indeed a verb. The third part focuses on the development of the phrase “Verb +上 (pinyin: shang) / Verb + 下 (pinyin: xia)”. These are the most prominent features in the verb compositions of Three Kingdom Period. Since Three Kingdom Period is a tipping point where Chinese literatures transforms from Old Chinese to Middle Chinese, while verbs remain the core issue in grammatical rules, this thesis focuses on the contemporary language transformation through analyzing verb compositions in Buddhist scriptures translated by Zhi Qian. |
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| Table of contents | 一、前言 5
二、「V著」的發展 7
三、「行V」的發展 10
四、「V下∕V上」的發展 20
五、結論 23 |
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| ISSN | 16086848 (P) |
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| Hits | 923 |
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| Created date | 2016.07.06 |
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| Modified date | 2017.08.16 |
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