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禪修融入國小學生用餐指導的歷程及其成效研究:以桃園某國小「吃飯趣」活動為例=A Research on the Process and Result of Integrating Meditation into School Pupils' Dining Guide: Take the Activity “Dining Fun"of an Elementary School in Taoyuan as an Example .
Author 吳麗芳 (著)=Wu, Li-fang (au.)
Date2018
Pages232
Publisher輔仁大學
Publisher Url https://www.fju.edu.tw/
Location新北市, 臺灣 [New Taipei City, Taiwan]
Content type博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation
Language中文=Chinese
Degreemaster
Institution輔仁大學
Department宗教學系碩士在職專班
Advisor蔡怡佳
Publication year106
Keyword禪修=Meditation; 正念=Mindfulness; 專注=Concentration; 放鬆=Relaxation; 細嚼慢嚥=Chewing slowly; 用餐指導=Dining instructions; 成效評估=Effectiveness evaluation
Abstract本論文以桃園市立某國小的五年級學生為研究對象,進行「吃飯趣」的健康促進成效研究。「吃飯趣」為此國小所設計、的營養午餐用餐指導系列活動,主要運用禪修的飲食方法,並融合教育、心理、醫學、社區健康照護與正念等,為多領域綜合的活動。教導學童在用餐時能「放鬆」、「專注」、「細嚼慢嚥」,有「感恩心、知足心、惜福心和互助」的用餐態度,及良好的「用餐禮儀」。其立意在每日的用餐中練習,讓學生達到身心健康促進的效益。
本研究目的有二:一為實施成效評估,評估學童在學校的用餐的認知、態度與行為改變情形,作為健康促進計畫的修正;另為拓展健康教育功能,鼓勵孩童將良好的用餐習慣帶回家庭,讓家中的所有成員能同享「吃飯趣」,一同吃出生命的豐富與智慧。
在「吃飯趣」實施成效評估,本研究以PRECEDE-PROCEED 模式進行健康教育計畫成效評估,分為:過程評估、影響評估及結果評估。研究方法包括文獻分析法、焦點團體訪談法、個別訪談法、參與觀察法。資料收集來源:焦點團體及個別訪談11位學生、訪談3位導師與午餐執秘兼校護。
研究發現:1.學生的健康認知會影響執行意願與效能;2.「細嚼慢嚥」的健康認知最缺乏;3.「細嚼慢嚥」、「端起碗吃」、「端坐吃飯」三項的執行效能最低,其餘均佳;4.午餐食物美味度、同儕影響、個人特質差異、餐具過大、缺乏覺察的習慣、家庭用餐習慣、自覺健康效益、重要他人的態度等會影響執行效能;5.執行意願較高者其推廣意願也較高,但推廣意願因擔心被拒絕而降低;6.自覺執行效益:肚子痛的機率變少、改善挑食的現象、感覺情緒較平穩與放鬆、可控制體重、咀嚼時間增長、用餐時班級秩序變好、上課能更專心等;7.輔導策略介入後學生執行與推廣的意願呈現積極的態度。

Aiming to study the health promotion effect of school pupils’ learning “Dining Fun” , this thesis takes the fifth grade pupils of an Elementary School in Taoyuan Metropolis as objects. “Dining Fun” is a series of nutritious dining guides designed by the Elementary School. This study incorporates the spirit of meditation into the dietary process and integrates education, psychology, medicine, health care and mindfulness as well. Pupils learn how to relax and focus on dining and enjoy chewing slowly . In the end, not only would they develop good dining etiquette , healthy body and mind , but also cultivate good attitudes such as gratitude, contentment, compassion and mutual assistance.
The purpose of this study is twofold:
1. To assess the effectiveness of school pupils' cognition, attitudes, and behavior changes in school meals as a reference for improving health promotion programs .
2. Encourage pupils to bring good eating habits back to their families so that all members can enjoy the benefits of Dining Fun.
In order to assess the effectiveness of the “Dining Fun” implementation, the PRECEDE -PROCEED model is used , and the assessment is divided into three sections: process evaluation, impact evaluation and outcome evaluation. Study methods included
The research methods used in this thesis include literature analysis, qualitative focus group interviews, individual interviews, and qualitative research method. Sources of data come from: focus groups, individual interviews with 11 pupils, interviews with 3 mentors and lunch executive secretary and school nurse .
Findings:
1. Students' health awareness will affect the execution willingness and effectiveness.
2. Relatively, students are less knowledgeable about “chewing slowly”.
3. The performance of these three items has the lowest satisfaction: "chewing slowly" "Dining with bowl up to chest " "Dining with proper posture. "
4. All the following factors would affect “Dining Fun” performance.:
a. food taste,
b. peer influence,
c. personal characteristics,
d. inappropriate tableware size,
e. lack of awareness habit,
f. family dining habits,
g. awareness of the benefits of health,
h. the attitude of important others.
5. Those who have a higher willingness to execute have higher promotion intentions, but their promotion intentions are reduced due to fear of rejection.
6. The benefits of learning “Dining Fun”(pupils’ experiences):
a. reduced number of stomachaches,
b. improvement of picky eaters,
c. feelings of smoother and more relaxed emotions,
d. control of body weight,
e. increased chewing time,
f. improved class order during meals,
g. more attention in class.
7. After guiding strategies are involved, students' willingness to perform and promote appears a positive attitude.
Table of contents中文摘要 I
英文摘要 VII
致謝辭 IVII

第一章 緒論
第一節 研究背景及研究動機 1
第二節 研究目的 5
第三節 研究問題 6
第四節 名詞界定 6

第二章 文獻回顧
第一節 國小學生「 營養教育」與用餐指導相關研究 8
第二節 用餐行為與健康效益 17
第三節 用餐態度與健康效益 24
第四節 禪修在教育與健康應用之研究 27
第五節 PRECEDE-PROCEED 模式 35

第三章 研究設計與實施
第一節 研究流程 42
第二節 研究方法 44
第三節 研究對象 47
第四節 資料處理與分析 49
第五節 研究倫理 50

第四章 資料收集與分析
第一節 接觸 51
第二節 第一次過程評估 61
第三節 第二次過程評估 64
第四節 團體輔導介入 70
第五節 影響評估 72
第六節 結果評估 86
第七節 家庭中的「吃飯趣」 87
第八節 個別訪談輔導介入 89

第五章 結論與建議
第一節 結論 92
第二節 建議與未來展望 94

參考文獻
中文部份 100
外文部份 106
電子媒體資料 107

圖表目錄
圖1研究流程圖 43
表1團體成員組成基本資料表 48
表2導師基本資料表 48
表3學生「吃飯趣」健康知識調查 65
表4學生「吃飯趣」健康知識調查個別認知狀態 66
表5學生「吃飯趣」執行意願 67
表6學生一週午餐期間「吃飯趣」行為效能自評分數 68
表7學生「吃飯趣」健康知識前後測差異比較 73
表8學生「吃飯趣」健康知識調查個別認知狀態變化 75
表9學生「吃飯趣」執行意願在介入策略實施前後差異 76
表10學生一週午餐期間「吃飯趣」執行效能自評比較表 77
表11影響執行效能的因素 79
表12教學活動和教具評估 82
表13「吃飯趣」執行滿意度 86
表14家庭與學校的執行效能及推廣意願比較 88
附錄
附錄一 導師訪談同意書 110
附錄二 午餐執行秘書訪談同意書 111
附錄三 校護訪談同意書 112
附錄四 學生「吃飯趣」成效研究焦點訪談團體報名表 113
附錄五 成效研究焦點訪談團體家長同意書 114
附錄六「吃飯趣」成效研究焦點訪談團體訪談大綱 115
附錄七 自編健康認知問卷 119
附錄八 學生午餐時間執行「吃飯趣」行為觀察檢核表 121
附錄九「吃飯趣」成效研究焦點訪談團體活動通知書 123
附錄十 成效研究焦點訪談團體出席記錄 124
附錄十一「吃飯趣」團體公約 125
附錄十二 焦點訪談團體紀錄及逐字稿 126
附錄十三 導師訪談大綱 150
附錄十四 教師訪談逐字稿及學生成效調查紀錄 151
附錄十五 學生午餐時間執行「吃飯趣」行為觀察表 167
附錄十六 訪談午餐執秘與校護逐字稿 174
附錄十七 個別訪談學生逐字稿 190
附錄十八 吃飯趣的推廣活動與教具 226
附錄十九 吃飯趣的推廣活動年度時間表 232
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Created date2020.02.11
Modified date2023.02.03



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