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董永故事型變研究：以孝道思想為線索=The Study of Transformations and Developments of Dong Yong Stories —— Focus on the Filial Piety |
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陳慧涵 (著)=CHEN, Hui-han (au.)
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| Date | 2018 |
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| Pages | 176 |
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| Publisher | 華梵大學 |
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| Publisher Url |
https://www.hfu.edu.tw/
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| Location | 新北市, 臺灣 [New Taipei City, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Degree | master |
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| Institution | 華梵大學 |
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| Department | 東方人文思想研究所 |
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| Advisor | 莊兵 |
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| Publication year | 106 |
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| Keyword | 董永=Dong Yong; 孝道思想=filial piety; 賣身葬父=sold himself into servitude to pay for his father's funeral; 董永變文=The Narrative of Dong Yong; 尋母=in quest of mother |
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| Abstract | 董永作為中國傳統民間故事的孝子代表，其故事源流最早可溯於東漢的武梁祠畫像，繼而有據傳西漢‧劉向所作之《孝子傳》、三國‧曹植〈靈芝篇〉、晉‧干寶《搜神記》。時至唐朝，則有敦煌遺書中的《董永變文》、《孝子傳》、句道興《搜神記》，以及道世《法苑珠林》。董永故事以干寶《搜神記》做為根基，在豐富多彩的敦煌文獻上增添新的枝節，其中又以「董仲尋母」最具特色。到了宋代，更集合眾多版本，孕育出話本小說《董永遇仙傳》。明朝顧覺宇的《織錦記》則將「戲」與「情」相結合，為董永故事帶來嶄新的生命力。
本論文旨在探討歷代董永故事的變化痕跡與原因，並以孝道思想為線索，體現董永故事從「基型」到「發展」，最後臻於「成熟」的演進過程。筆者的論述共分為五章：第一章為緒論，包含研究動機與目的、前人研究成果回顧、研究範圍與方法。第二章依據各時期的董永文本，整理出董永故事的開展理路。
第三章探討董永故事在漢魏六朝時期之孝道思想。漢董永「賣身葬父」實受到「厚葬」的名教價值觀念影響，至魏晉遂出現重視自然之孝的反動，強調孝是人性的自然流露。而董永「至德」，故能「孝感動天」，受神女相助，此與儒家天人感應與佛教善惡報應相呼應。
第四章探討董永故事在隋唐、宋明時期之孝道思想。隋唐時期的孝道深受佛教影響，可從敦煌出土的董永文獻中，屢用佛門語彙得見，佛教藉由宣揚父母養育之恩、孝子孝行的作品，使孝道得以在民間擴展，以收取勸孝行道之功。宋明時期的探討重點為董永故事所傳遞的家庭觀與倫理觀，「尋母」情節乃出於「自然不容已的孝思」，展現宋人對完滿親子關係的重視。至明代，受到陽明心學之影響，董永戲曲走向以情為本，講求人之常情的孝道。
第五章為結論，總結筆者對於董永故事之研究成果。
Dong Yong is a representative of filial son in Chinese traditional folk stories and the origin of his story dates back to the earliest in the portrait of Wuliang Shrine in the Eastern Han Dynasty, followed by the ”Dutiful son Biography” written by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty, ”Ganoderma” written by Cao Zhi in the Three Kingdoms Period, and ”Soushenji” by Gan Bao in the Jin Dynasty. Until the time of the Tang Dynasty, there were ”The Narrative of Dong Yong” in Dunhuang manuscripts, ”Dutiful son Biography”, ”Soushenji” by Gou Dao-Xing, and ”FayuanZhulin” by Dao Shi. Dong Yong's story is based on ”Soushenji” and adds new chapters to the Dunhuang manuscripts that is rich in contents. Among them, 《Dong Zhong in quest of his mother》is the one with most distinctive feature. In the Song Dynasty, many editions were collected, and the storybook ”Dong Yong's passing on the immortal” was bred. In the Ming Dynasty, Gu Jue-yu's ”Brocade” combines the "play" with "emotion" to bring new vitality to the story of Dong Yong.
The purpose of this thesis is to explore the traces and causes of changes in the stories of Dong Yong in the past dynasties, as well as to use the thought of filial piety as a clue to reflect the evolutionary process of Dong Yong's story from "basic type" to "development" and finally to "mature". The author's discourses are divided into five chapters: the first chapter is introduction that includes the research motivation and purpose, the review of previous researches, the scope and methods of research. The second chapter is based on the text of Dong Yong in each period to sort out the proper arrangement of the story.
The third chapter discusses the filial piety of Dong Yong story during the period of Han Wei and Six Dynasties. In the Han Dynasty, Dong Yong's “sold himself into servitude to pay for his father's funeral” was influenced by the concept of “ luxurious burials” from the value of the Confucian ethical code, while the reaction to the filial piety of nature came in the Wei Jin Dynasty, emphasizing that filial piety was a natural expression of human nature. Since Dong Yong's "highest virtue", "the filial piety has moved the heaven" and therefore got the assistance from fairy maiden, this echoes the Confucian's interactions between heaven and mankind and Buddhist's "what goes around comes around."
The fourth chapter discusses of the filial piety of Dong Yong story during the period of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and the Song and Ming Dynasties. The filial piety during the Sui and Tang dynasties was deeply influenced by Buddhism which can be seen from the frequently used Buddhist scriptures in Dunhuang manuscripts regarding Dong Yong. Buddhism advocated filial piety by promoting the grace of parenting and the works related to filial piety to get the merit of advising filial piety. During the Song and Ming Dynasties, the focus was on the family and ethical perspectives conveyed by the story of Dong Yong. The plot of “in quest of mother” was based on “filial thoughts that are inherently and without considering self”, demonstrating the importance that the Song people attach to a successful parent-child relationship. In the Ming Dynasty, under the influence of Yangmingism, the tradit |
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| Table of contents | 第一章、緒論 1
第一節、研究動機與目的 1
一、研究動機 1
二、研究目的 4
第二節、前人研究成果回顧 7
一、董永故事流變 7
二、歷代孝文化史 9
第三節、研究範圍與研究方法 14
一、研究範圍 14
二、研究方法 18
第二章、董永故事的開展理路 23
第一節、董永故事的源頭 23
一、東漢武梁祠董永事父畫像 23
二、《孝子傳》考證 30
第二節、董永故事在魏晉六朝的開展 34
一、三國‧曹植〈靈芝篇〉 34
二、晉‧干寶《搜神記》 35
第三節、董永故事在隋唐的開展 36
一、唐‧敦煌《董永變文》 36
二、唐‧敦煌《孝子傳》 47
三、唐‧句道興《搜神記》 49
四、唐‧道世《法苑珠林》 51
第四節、董永故事在宋明的開展 54
一、宋《董永遇仙傳》 54
二、明‧顧覺宇《織錦記》 77
第三章、董永故事在漢魏六朝的孝道思想 82
第一節、賣身葬父的名教價值 82
一、賣身葬父的演變 82
二、賣身葬父的社會背景 85
三、賣身葬父的價值觀 91
第二節、孝感動天的自然價值 93
一、回歸自然的孝 93
二、孝感思想與故事 96
第四章、董永故事在隋唐宋明的孝道思想 106
第一節、隋唐時期佛教與孝道之關係及影響 106
一、佛教與孝道之關係 106
二、佛教對孝道之影響 119
第二節、宋明時期以孝為核心的人倫關係 131
一、建立完整的人倫家庭 133
二、符合社會的人倫規範 138
三、以情為本的人倫孝道 147
第五章、結論 155
參考書目 159
一、古籍文獻 159
二、現代專著 160
三、期刊論文 162
四、博碩論文 167
附錄一：《孝子傳》 168
一、黃奭輯劉向《孝子傳》 168
二、《太平御覽》卷四一一 168
附錄二：顧覺宇《織錦記》 169
一、《群音類選》《織錦記》 169
二、《曲海總目提要》《織錦記》 176 |
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| Hits | 274 |
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| Created date | 2021.11.24 |
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| Modified date | 2023.01.18 |
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