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天台一心三觀與佛身觀運用之異解——以知禮與仁岳之觀點為主=The Different Perspectives in Executing A Moment of Thought and “Buddha-kāya,” in Tiantai–Regards Zhili（知禮）and Renyue（仁岳）as Principle |
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釋宏育 (著)=Shi, Hung-Yu (au.)
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2021 第八屆漢傳佛教與聖嚴思想國際學術研討會
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| Date | 2021.06.30 |
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| Publisher | 財團法人聖嚴教育基金會 |
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| Publisher Url |
https://www.shengyen.org.tw/index.aspx?lang=cht
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| Location | 臺北, 臺灣 [Taipei, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 會議論文=Proceeding Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Keyword | 天台宗=Tientai School; 一心三觀=Three Meditations of One Mind; 佛身觀=Interpretation of “Buddha-kāya”; 知禮=Siming Zhili; 仁岳=Jingjue Renyue |
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| Abstract | 北宋天台宗是義學發展的高峰，有山家、山外以及後山外不同天台見解的派別出現。然而牽動天台山家、山外、後山外的主要核心人物——知禮（山家）與仁岳（後山外）師徒，最後是以背離的方式，各持己論。二者諍論的核心，主要是對實踐觀行——佛身觀的不同看法。此亦是本文所要考察的重點。
知禮的念佛觀是「約心觀佛」，仁岳是「攝佛歸心」。二者對於以天台不同運觀的念佛觀點解讀，呈現具特色的不同天台實踐觀法。知禮主張的是「兩重能所觀」，仁岳主張的是「由事顯理」之觀心法。配合念佛觀的運用，知禮就「真中感應」分辨佛身的生身、尊特身；仁岳則從理事、權實、體用等的不同角度來區分佛的三身。後代天台是以知禮（山家）所主張的教與觀為主流，但細考仁岳的天台教觀主張，有其經論依據的合理性，以及實踐天台念佛運觀上的簡易入手。他提出的主張，提供了後代學習天台者的另一個角度的理解面向，影響深遠。
Tiantai school in Northern Song achieve the peak in theory school development. Growing different Tiantai’s sects- Shan-chia, Shan-wai and Ho-Shan-wai. However the important persons about the Tiantai’s criticism - Siming Zhili (Shan-chia) and Jingjue Renyue (Ho-Shan-wai) who leave his teacher and hold their points. The important on their debates is about the practice of different opinion- interpretation of “Buddha-kāya”. This is the studying importance on the article.
Zhili’s interpretation of “Nien-fo” is “Expressions yuexinguannian” and Renyue is “Expressions she-fo-gui-xin”. Two both interpreted the interpretation of “Nien-fo” to Tiantai’s different practice views, and presented the distinctive Tiantai’s practice. Zhili advocated “the double Activeness and Passiveness”, but Renyue advocated “from Phenomena to illustrate Principle”.
Using the “Nien-fo” practice, Zhili distinguished “Buddha-kāya” sheng shen from zunte shen by “zhen-zhong-gan-ying”; Renyue distinguished Trikaayaa by the points of Li and shih, expedient and real, “Substance and Function” etc.
In Tiantai’s history, the teaching and meditation advocated by Zhili(Shan-chia) is the predominated. But attentive inquiring into Renyue’s points about the teachings and meditation techniques of Tientai School. Having the rationality of the sūtras and āstras basis, and easy to practice the Tiantai’s Nien-fo meditation. His point provided the studying Tiantai’s persons with the other understanding point of view, have a far-reaching influence. |
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| Hits | 401 |
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| Created date | 2022.06.14 |
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| Modified date | 2022.06.14 |
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