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三平祖師信仰及其在臺灣的發展=The Worship of San-ping Zushi and Its Later Development in Taiwan |
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| 著者 |
謝玉美 (著)=Hsieh, Yu-mei (au.)
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| 出版年月日 | 2017 |
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| ページ | 154 |
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| 出版者 | 玄奘大學 |
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| 出版サイト |
https://www.hcu.edu.tw/hcu/zh-tw
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| 出版地 | 新竹市, 臺灣 [Hsinchu shih, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| 学位 | 修士 |
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| 学校 | 玄奘大學 |
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| 学部・学科名 | 宗教與文化學系碩士班 |
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| 指導教官 | 黃運喜=Huang, Yun-shi |
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| 卒業年 | 105 |
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| キーワード | 楊義中=Yang Yizhong; 三平祖師=Sanping Zushi; 三平寺=Sanping Temple; 佛教俗神=Folk god of Buddhism; 祖師公信仰=Zushigong Worship |
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| 抄録 | 在臺灣對於祖師公信仰，人們比較熟悉的是清水祖師信仰。然而，透過田野調查發現，信徒所祭祀的祖師公不只有清水祖師，尚包括顯應祖師、三代祖師、慚愧祖師、普庵祖師還有三平祖師等。在臺灣，大部分的民眾對三平祖師信仰了解不多，算是一小眾信仰。發跡於福建漳州的三平祖師，俗名楊義中，是唐代著名的高僧，在世以其所開創的三平寺為祖地，以佛法教化一方，居功厥偉，唐宣宗封賜為「廣濟大師」，圓寂後，融合了民間信仰，逐漸演變成佛教俗神，亦成為閩南信眾所俗稱的「祖師公」之一。三平祖師信仰始於唐宋，之後跟隨著明清時期移民的遷移，逐漸向海外傳播，最後演變成在閩南、臺灣、香港，東南亞等地區形成頗具影響力的三平祖師公信仰。近年來，由於大陸積極發展宗教結合文化、觀光，三平寺香火鼎盛，每年吸引相當可觀的信眾前往朝拜。
本論文主要透過文獻分析、田野調查等方式，綜合探究三平祖師信仰的淵源、演變成佛教俗神的時空背景及其在臺灣的發展流變。由研究的成果發現：三平祖師信仰由佛教禪僧走向佛教俗神的世俗化之路是大陸和臺灣共同的現象，信眾以民間信仰的道教化方式做祭祀，一千多年來經過歷代的演變，隨著信仰在內地和海外的傳播，在各地融入了地方習俗文化，各自發展成在地化的信仰特色，呈現豐富多元的樣貌。此外，由於三平寺祖廟與各地分靈廟之間的交流頻繁，加上各種靈驗的顯化事蹟，此信仰在各地代代相傳，三平祖師信仰遂在橫向縱向之間建構成一個完整的信仰網絡，成了跨國界的信仰。
People are more familiar with the Qingshui Zushi belief regarding the Zushigong （master monk） belief of Taiwan. However, through field research, researchers have discovered that followers do not only worship Qingshui Zushi, but also Xianying Zushi, Sandai Zushi, Cankui Zushi, Puan Zushi, Sanping Zushi and others. In Taiwan, the population has little understanding regarding the belief of Sanping Zushi, making it a minority belief. Sanping Zushi, who started his legacy from Zhangzhou of Fujian, was originally named Yang Yizhong and was a well-known master monk during the Tang Dynasty. With Sanping Temple that he founded when he was alive as his base, he enlightened local residents with the teachings of Buddhism and was granted the name “Master Guangji” by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang due to his great contribution. After he passed away, his legacy gradually incorporated folk beliefs and he was transformed into a folk god of Buddhism, becoming one of the so-called “Zushigongs” by followers from southern Fujian. The Sanping Zushi belief started between the Tang and Song Dynasty, was disseminated overseas due to emigrants during the Ming and Qing Dynasty, and became the influential Sanping Zushigong belief in regions such as southern Fujian, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Southeast Asia. In recent years, due to the aggressive development of China by integrating religion with culture and tourism, Sanping Temple enjoys endless streams of pilgrims and has attracted an impressive number of followers to worship there.
Through literature review, field research and other methods, this research comprehensively discusses and analyzes the origin of Sanping Zushi belief, the time and spatial background of its transformation into a folk god of Buddhism, and its development and transformation in Taiwan. The results of this research indicated that the secularization of Sanping Zushi from a Buddhist Zen monk to a folk god of Buddhism is a common phenomenon both in Mainland China and Taiwan, in which followers have worshipped it with folk beliefs and Taoist methods. After generations of development over more than a thousand years and its dissemination in Mainland China and overseas regions, it has been assimilated into local customs and cultures, individually developed into a religion with local features, and resulted in its rich and versatile forms. In addition to that, given the frequent exchanges between Sanping Zushi Temple and locally re-enshrined temples, and various visitation incidents, this belief has been passed on generation after generation in different places. Thus, the Sanping Zushi belief has constructed a comprehensive vertical and horizontal belief network, becoming a belief that transcends national boundaries. |
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| 目次 | 第一章 緒 論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 2
第二節 研究方法與研究限制 3
第三節 前人研究成果 5
第二章 三平祖師信仰的緣起 19
第一節 三平祖師的定義與生平 19
第二節 三平祖師與三平寺 40
第三章 三平祖師信仰的形成與發展 61
第一節 閩南民間信仰與佛教俗神的特質 61
第二節 三平祖師信仰的形成 70
第三節 三平祖師信仰的發展 80
第四章 三平祖師信仰在臺灣的發展 89
第一節 三平祖師信仰傳入臺灣緣起 90
第二節 三平祖師的祭祀類型 93
第五章 結 論 143
參考書目 145
附錄一 151
附錄二 153 |
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| ヒット数 | 58 |
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| 作成日 | 2023.04.11 |
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| 更新日期 | 2023.04.11 |
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