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武則天女性政權與佛教關係之研究=A study of the relationship between the female regime of Wu Zetian and Buddhism |
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| 著者 |
張筱懿 (著)=Chang, Hsiao-yi (au.)
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| 出版年月日 | 2010 |
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| ページ | 118 |
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| 出版者 | 玄奘大學 |
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| 出版サイト |
https://www.hcu.edu.tw/hcu/zh-tw
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| 出版地 | 新竹市, 臺灣 [Hsinchu shih, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| 学位 | 修士 |
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| 学校 | 玄奘大學 |
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| 学部・学科名 | 宗教學系碩士在職專班 |
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| 指導教官 | 林金木 |
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| 卒業年 | 99 |
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| キーワード | 武則天=Wu Zetian; 女性政權=female regime; 佛教=Buddhism; 彌勒=the Maitreya Buddha; 轉輪王=the Chakravartin |
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| 抄録 | 本論文以歷史研究的角度來分析武則天的女性政權與佛教的關係，首先透過中國傳統儒家思想典籍來探討中國傳統的女性觀，中國自古以來男尊女卑、三從四德的道德觀念，對女性造成了限制與束縛，尤其對女性參政極盡排擠之能事，認為女性參政乃是「牝雞司晨」，會造成國家滅亡。而歷史上能有機會參與政治的女性也只能以行使母權的方式來擔任輔佐幼小皇帝的角色，否則就會遭受強力抨擊。在這樣的背景之下，武則天卻能突破種種限制，在男性為主體的中國政治史中，建立起獨一無二的女性政權，成為中國歷史上唯一的女皇帝。在武則天掌權的過程中除了本身的條件與努力之外，佛教對其政權的確立有著決定性的影響，也因為佛教對武則天具有相當的重要性，所以對於她所處時代（即隋到唐初）的佛教背景必須加以關注，透過當時佛教的發展特色、佛教和王權之間的關係及武則天的佛教淵源，以探討武則天為何會採用佛教作為其助力。在成功建立起女性政權之後，武則天繼續推行佛教政策，以佛教為國教，無論是給自己的尊號、石窟造像、翻譯佛經、禮遇僧人、頒佈佛教在道教之上的詔令等，都顯示出她以佛教治國的意圖，希望自己成為人間的佛王，就像彌勒下生在人間，以轉輪王的形態統治人間，建造人間淨土。總之，武則天女性政權與佛教的關係，除了政治上的利用之外，促成她持續推動崇佛政策的動力應該是來自於她對佛教的虔誠信仰。
This paper is to analyze the relationship between the female regime of Wu Zetian and Buddhism, from the perspective of historical research. First of all, we investigate the Chinese traditional perspective on women through the traditional Confucianism books of China: the conventional ethics concept of patriarchy that imposes restrictions and constraints on women, especially the extreme exclusion of women from politics. Women’s participation in politics is considered as a sign that a country would soon perish. So, in Chinese history the woman who had the chance to enter politics was actually the young emperor’s mother. And she played only the role of an assistant; otherwise, she would suffer very strong criticism. Under such patriarchy conditions of Chinese political history, Wu Zetian could even break almost all kinds of limitations, establish the unique female regime, and become the one and only female emperor in the history. In the process of getting regime, not only her own great conditions and efforts but also the decisive influence of Buddhism contribute to her regime establishment. Because Buddhism is quite important to Wu Zetian, paying more attention to the Buddhism background of her period (from Sui Dynasty to the Early Tang Dynasty) is necessary. We investigate how Wu Zetian adopted Buddhism to help her through the study of the characteristics of Buddhism development, the relationship between the regime and Buddhism, and the connection between her and Buddhism. After her successful establishment of the female regime, she continued her Buddhism policy, and honored Buddhism as the state religion. Many of her policies showed that she intented to rule the country by Buddhism, such as the courtesy titles she gave to herself, Grotto, the sutras translation, the utmost courtesy of monks, and the edit that she intended to rule that courtesy was above the Taoism. And she wished to become the king of Buddha in the human world, just like the Maitreya Buddha, who appears on earth as a Chakravartin to rule the world and creates a pure land. In a word, the relationship between the female regime of Wu Zetian and the Buddhism is not only the political use, but also her devout religious belief that motivated her to continue honoring the Buddhism and her policy. |
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| 目次 | 第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 文獻回顧與探討 3
第三節 研究方法、範圍與困難 5
第二章 女性政權的檢視 7
第一節 中國傳統的女性觀 7
第二節 唐朝之前的女性主政者 17
第三節 武則天的女性政權 27
第三章 隋到唐初的佛教 45
第一節 佛教特色 45
第二節 王權與佛教之互動 51
第三節 武則天的佛教淵源 65
第四章 武則天政權與佛教的關係 71
第一節 祥瑞意識的形成 71
第二節 《大雲經》與武則天的王權 78
第三節 武則天的佛教政策 83
第四節 佛教對武則天女性政權確立之影響 94
第五章 結論 101
參考文獻 105
附錄一 武則天親屬表 113
附錄二 盧舍那佛坐像 114
附錄三 摩崖三佛像龕 115
附錄四 五百彌勒佛像 116
附錄五 述聖碑 117
附錄六 無字碑 118 |
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| ヒット数 | 53 |
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| 作成日 | 2023.04.12 |
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| 更新日期 | 2023.04.12 |
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