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羅什譯《維摩詰經》人間佛教意涵之研究── 以〈觀眾生品〉、〈佛道品〉為中心=A Study on the Meaning of Humanistic Buddhism in Vimalakīrti-nideśa Sūtra translated by Kumārajīva- Focus on the Chapters of ‘Observing Living Beings’ and ‘The Buddha Way’ |
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| 著者 |
鄭怡玟 (著)=Cheng, Yi-wen (au.)
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| 出版年月日 | 2022 |
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| ページ | 168 |
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| 出版者 | 佛光大學 |
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| 出版サイト |
https://website.fgu.edu.tw/?locale=zh_tw
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| 出版地 | 宜蘭縣, 臺灣 [I-lan hsien, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| 学位 | 修士 |
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| 学校 | 佛光大學 |
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| 学部・学科名 | 佛教學系 |
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| 指導教官 | 郭朝順=Kuo, Chao-shun |
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| 卒業年 | 110 |
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| キーワード | 《維摩詰經》=Vimalakīrti Nirdeśa Sūtra; 觀眾生=Observing Sentient Beings; 佛道=the path to buddhahood; 無住本=the foundation of non-abiding; 人間性=Humanistic quality; 人間佛教=Humanistic Buddhism |
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| 抄録 | 人間佛教發展是以「人」為核心對象；佛法於人間的實踐是引導眾生認識本來清淨的自我，解脫煩惱。《維摩詰經》是維摩詰居士在人間行使佛道、說法度眾的佛教經典。因此本文以鳩摩羅什所譯《維摩詰所說經》為底本，探究《維摩詰經》〈觀眾生品〉度眾生的基礎，再至〈佛道品〉度眾生的實踐。總體以人間佛教為題，佛教的人間性為思考，反省佛教能提供現代生活情境的重要依據。
全文以經典為始，探悉《維摩詰經》版本翻譯、各家注疏、核心思想之內涵與人間性；進而架構〈觀眾生品〉、〈佛道品〉所含藏之義理主題，融攝世間法與出世間法，探究慈悲與空性智相互應用的佛道實踐。最後以菩薩度眾的思惟討論「從無住本立一切法」，開展無住本的人間佛教思想。
〈觀眾生品〉是菩薩觀度眾生之道，菩薩本性空，觀眾生空，所行真實慈亦是空法，菩薩道，是實踐三輪體空的無住行。以無住為本，〈佛道品〉行於非道是為通達佛道，菩薩無住而對眾生發起大悲，以智慧方便行於各道，即是實踐佛道。總結〈觀眾生品〉到〈佛道品〉，就是佛陀一生修道、度眾的脈絡。通達佛道，就在人間關懷眾生，說真實法，無所住行的當下成就。
The development of Humanistic Buddhism focuses on “human” as its core object; the practice of Humanistic Buddhism is to guide sentient beings to realize their original pure selves and to be free from afflictions. The Vimalakīrti Nirdeśa Sūtra is a text that records how Vimalakīrti practices the path of Buddhahood in the human world and expounds the Dharma to liberate sentient beings. Through examining the version translated by Kumārajīva, this paper explores the foundation of liberating sentient beings in the “Chapter on Observing Sentient Beings” in the Vimalakīrti Nirdeśa Sūtra, as well as the practice of liberating sentient beings in the “Chapter on the Buddha Way”. The paper investigates the theme of humanistic Buddhism by exploring the Humanistic quality of Buddhism, for which is considered as an important basis for reflection on what Buddhism can offer in modern life circumstances.
The paper begins with examinations of the translations, various commentaries, content of the core ideas and the humanistic quality lies within them in the Vimalakīrti Nirdeśa Sūtra. It is followed by an exploration of the structured themes and doctrines in the “Chapter on Observing Sentient Beings” and the “Chapter on the Buddha Way”, an integration in the worldly dharma and the transcendental Dharma, and an exploration of the reciprocal practice of compassion with wisdom on emptiness. Finally, the paper discusses the idea of “establishment of all dharmas from the non-abiding essence” from the perspective of bodhisattva thought in liberating sentient beings, in accordance to the development of the idea of non-abiding essence in Humanistic Buddhism.
The “Chapter on Observing Sentient Beings” records the ways of bodhisattvas liberating sentient beings: that the fundamental nature of bodhisattva is empty, contemplation on the empty nature of sentient beings, and the practice of true compassion is also empty. The bodhisattva practices are non-abiding actions in applying the non-substantiality of the three aspects of giving. With the foundation of non-abiding, the “Chapter on the Buddha Way” records the practice in non-Buddhist view is for the purpose of penetration to the Buddha’s path. Bodhisattvas have great compassion to all sentient beings due to their non-abidingness; they practice wisdom with expedient means in various ways, which is also known as practice of the path to buddhahood. The paper concludes that the general scheme of the Buddha’s life-long cultivation and liberation to sentient beings are reflected from the “Chapter on Observing Sentient Beings” to the “Chapter on the Buddha Way” in the sutra. The penetration to the path to buddhahood is achieved in the very moment of caring for sentient beings in the human world, speaking the true Dharma, and acting without abiding. |
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| 目次 | 摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
目錄 IV
表格目錄 VI
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 研究方法 3
第三節 文獻回顧 5
第四節 全文架構 15
第二章 《維摩詰經》及其譯註中的人間性 17
第一節 佛教中的「人間性」 17
第二節 《維摩詰經》版本翻譯及其人間性 23
第三節 隋代《維摩詰經》注釋傳統及其人間性 34
第四節 《維摩詰經》思想教義的人間性 43
第三章 〈觀眾生品〉、〈佛道品〉結構與論題分析 51
第一節 〈觀眾生品〉結構分析 51
第二節 「觀眾生」命題與實踐意涵 56
第三節 〈佛道品〉結構分析 68
第四節 「佛道」命題與實踐意涵 74
第四章 世間法與出世間法的融攝 84
第一節 〈觀眾生品〉眾生如幻的真實意涵 84
第二節 〈觀眾生品〉慈悲喜捨的真實意涵 93
第三節 〈佛道品〉對世間法的轉化 102
第四節 〈觀眾生品〉與〈佛道品〉之世出世間法 108
第五章 從無住本立一切法與星雲模式的人間佛教 118
第一節 「從無住本立一切法」釋義分析及其人間性 118
第二節 從「無住本」論星雲大師〈我對人間佛教的體認〉 127
第三節 從「無住本」論星雲模式的人間佛教 136
第六章 結論 148
參考資料 155
表格目錄
表格 1：《維摩詰經》諸譯本 28
表格 2：菩薩云何觀於眾生 51
表格 3：菩薩作是觀者，云何行慈 53
表格 4：一切法的含攝 62
表格 5：《維摩詰經》經文中所出現的「眾生」 64
表格 6：通達佛道法門 70
表格 7：《大智度論釋初品大慈大悲義第四十二》論諸道 77 |
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| ヒット数 | 93 |
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| 作成日 | 2023.04.14 |
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| 更新日期 | 2023.04.14 |
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