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齋佛相濟．敦儒修真－圓滿德治法師的內修外弘=Self-cultivation and Social Engagement - Zhaijiao’s Syncretism with Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism in Ven. Monk Yuan Man De Jhih’s Life |
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| 著者 |
陳翁清 (撰)=Chen, Weng-ching (compose)
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| 出版年月日 | 2022 |
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| ページ | 214 |
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| 出版者 | 國立政治大學 |
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| 出版サイト |
https://www.nccu.edu.tw
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| 出版地 | 臺北市, 臺灣 [Taipei shih, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| 学位 | 修士 |
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| 学校 | 國立政治大學 |
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| 学部・学科名 | 宗教研究所 |
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| 指導教官 | 李玉珍=Li, Yu-chen |
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| 卒業年 | 110 |
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| キーワード | 丹道=Dan Dao; 新莊覺明寺=Xingzhuang Jueming Monastery; 齋教=Zhaijiao; 圓滿德治法師=Ven. Yuanman De-zhi; 全省孝子孝婦事錄=The Records of Filial Pious Men and Women’s Traces in Taiwan Province |
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| 抄録 | 本文介紹圓滿德治法師(1902-1971)「出塵入佛．敦儒修真」的一生，法師於日治時期經商有成，經民眾推舉出任民意代表，終戰後入佛法相，開山建立臺北新莊覺明寺，原為「在家修」的修道人士，開山建寺後則住寺「專修」。圓滿法師內修外弘，會通儒、釋、道三教，其行堪為時代典範。法師俗名「陳塗」，自青年時期起親近齋教龍華派、49歲靠定「瑤池金母無極天尊」皈依先天派、約50歲時人倫義務已了，配偶病故子嗣獨立及老母有養之後即雲遊各地、約於52歲依止臺南白河大仙寺開參法師，受賜法號「心明」、56歲覺明寺草堂完成、66歲新莊覺明寺竣工落成。法師建寺前已積極參與慈善事業，其後雖然住寺專修而且現出家相，卻不見戒碟亦不知有無剃度，不具儀軌形式但有慈悲範行應非孤例，恐怕是當時社會各種糾結下的一種修行方式。
圓滿法師圓寂後，覺明寺由受具足戒尼師繼任管理人兼住持，幾番輪替後目前由法師第一代俗家弟子及登記信徒呂普義擔任管理人，並聘任同為法師弟子的常賢法師為住持，呂普義歷經多次齋教龍華派「過光場」的進階儀式，目前為「清虛」道階，並稱覺明寺為「大乘佛教臨濟宗龍華法門道場」。呂普義整理寺內保存善書，其中《觀竅說》及《雙脩漸法述記》為丹道修煉文本，將據以細究圓滿法師的內修理論及修行次第。
圓滿法師現出家相前，已投身於社會慈善事業及倫理教化工作，開山建寺的同時曾經花費數年時間，騎單車環島蒐集孝子孝婦事錄，編輯後共出版四次《全省孝子孝婦事錄》，並以此為弘化資糧，組織「文化復興宣孝團」費時一年環島弘化、藉孝揚佛。本研究有關圓滿法師內在的修為及對外的弘化工作，稱為「內修外弘」；自政商的錙銖計較到齋佛的慈悲普度，名為「出塵入佛」；重視儒家倫理尤其是孝道的弘揚，以及追求道真的修為，稱為「敦儒修真」。
In this thesis I will introduce Ven. Yuanman De-zhi (圓滿德治法師, 1902-1971), a local gentry entering the Buddhist order and establishing Jueming monastery (覺明寺) at Xingzhuang Township (新莊) in Taipei County after the Japanese Colonization. He had been a rich business man and won the election of Japanese city councilor; then, he became a widower and transferred his career to social service through religion.
His self-cultivation and social engagement exemplifies his contemporary attitude toward the syncretism of Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism. Ven. Yuanman, whose secular name Chen Tu (陳塗), was very interested in religion, contacting the Longhua sect (龍華派) of Vegetarian Religion (literally in Chinese Zhaijiao,齋教) in his youth, being converted to the Taoist Goddess Godden Mother － the Celestial Worthy (Yaochi Jinmu Wuji Tianzun, 瑶池金母無極天尊) at the age of 49, three-year latter taking Ven. Kaisan (開參法師), the abbot of Daxing Monastery at Baihe Township in Tainan (臺南白河大仙寺) as teacher and named as Xinming (心明), and completed the construction of Jueming Monastery at the age of 66 (1967). Although he began to build Jueming Monastery at his 50s, he neither received tonsure nor accepted ordination, which was common practice in his days.
Today Ven. Yuanman's lay disciple Lu Puyi (呂普義) administrates Jueming Monastery and hired Buddhist monk as abbot, as well as attributing the monastery to the Longhua sect of the Linji School of Mahayana Buddhism (大乘佛教臨濟宗龍華法門道場), an identity similar to Vegetarian Religion. Lu Puyi has reserved a great number of scriptures belonging to Ven. Yuanman, including Guan qiao shuo《觀竅說》 and Shuangxiu jian fa shuji《雙脩漸法述記》, two manuals of Taoist internal alchemy, Dan Dao (丹道). Based on these two scriptures, I will analyze Ven. Yuanman’s religious cultivation.
Ven. Yuanman has attributed himself to social charity and moral education. Specifically, he spent many years riding bicycles around the island, collecting the deeds of filial piety, compiling and printing the book "The Records of Filial Pious Men and Women's Traces in Taiwan Province" 《全省孝子孝婦事錄》. In order to promote filial piety, then he organized the "Cultural Revival and Filial Piety praise Group"「文化復興宣孝團」, and traveled around the island for one year.
The research on Ven. Yuanman includes his inner cultivation and external service in terms of "Nei Xiu Wai Hong" (內修外弘). In addition to his Buddhist career, Ven. Yuanman also emphasized his approach toward Confucianism and Daoism to achieve civil education and to pursue the Truth; that is, "Dun Ru Xiu Zhen"(敦儒修真) in his words. |
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| 目次 | 第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機 2
第二節 問題意識 4
第三節 研究方法說明 9
第四節 研究範圍界定 12
第五節 文獻回顧 13
第六節 預期成果、可能遭遇困難及章節說明 26
第二章 圓滿法師的生平與時空背景 29
第一節 臺灣齋教 30
第二節 圓滿法師生平 48
第三節 覺明寺 51
第四節 圓滿法師的宗教觀 62
第三章 修行理論及修練次第 69
第一節 傅柯的自我技術 69
第二節 修行理論 80
第三節 修練次第 105
第四節 修行比較 131
第四章 圓滿法師的社會教化 134
第一節 孝子孝婦事錄 135
第二節 化復興宣孝團 156
第五章 結論 162
附件一、相片 168
附件二、附圖 171
附件三、圓滿法師生平紀要－按分類排列 177
附件四、圓滿法師生平紀要－按紀元排列 181
附件五、寺內保存文件一覽表 185
附件六、《全省孝子孝婦事錄》內容彙總表 191
附件七、覺明寺田調-結論 202
參考文獻 206 |
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| ヒット数 | 42 |
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| 作成日 | 2023.05.29 |
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| 更新日期 | 2023.05.29 |
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