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袁宏道《西方合論．剎土門》之淨土析探=Exploring into the Implication of Pure Land over the Fascicle of "Chatumen" in the Western Coordinate Theory by Yuan Hongdao |
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| 著者 |
釋自孝 (著)=Shih, Tzu-hsiao (au.)
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| 掲載誌 |
中華佛學研究=Chung-Hwa Buddhist Studies
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| 巻号 | n.20 |
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| 出版年月日 | 2019.12 |
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| ページ | 153 - 185 |
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| 出版者 | 中華佛學研究所=Chung-Hwa Institute of Buddhist Studies |
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| 出版サイト |
http://www.chibs.edu.tw/
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| 出版地 | 新北市, 臺灣 [New Taipei City, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| ノート | 作者為：佛光大學佛教學系博士生 |
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| キーワード | 袁宏道=Yuan Hongdao; 《西方合論》=Western Coordinate Theory; 〈剎土門〉=Chatumen; 十種淨土=Ten kinds of Pure Land; 西方淨土=Western Pure Land |
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| 抄録 | 做為晚明公安派文學代表人物之一的袁宏道，其佛學思想不僅影響著當時的佛教思想界，對於其後的佛教思想發展，亦有一定程度的影響。在袁宏道諸多的佛學著作中，《西方合論》是唯一一部專門探討淨土思想的論著，故而本文擬就《西方合論．剎土門》中之淨土義趣，探究袁宏道淨土思想的傳承與開創。
袁宏道在所撰《珊瑚林》中說：「《西方合論》一書乃借淨土以發明宗乘，因談宗者不屑淨土，修淨者不務禪宗，故合而論之。」也就是袁宏道企圖以《西方合論》來調和禪、淨兩方修行者的偏頗，而更強調「西方淨土」的修行，此對修禪者有所針砭是其意甚明的。就如其弟袁中道所描述「當是時，海內談妙悟之學者日眾，多不修行」的時代氛圍裡，《西方合論》的問世，正也映射出袁宏道淨土思想的時代價值。
在《西方合論．剎土門》中所論述的「十種淨土」，基本上是根據華嚴長者李通玄《華嚴經合論》中「十種淨土」的判釋發展而出，其中亦參照各種經論，及袁宏道獨衷於「西方淨土」所鑽研出的創解。而就在「十種淨土」的判釋過程中，袁宏道處處以「西方淨土」為指歸，最後也一舉跳脫李通玄所判釋的權淨土與實淨土，而於第十種淨土名為「攝受十方一切有情不可思議淨土」中，以五種「不思議義」歸攝《西方合論．剎土門》中「十種淨土」的義趣，真正將「西方淨土」推升為不可思議中不可思議的淨土。
As one of the representatives of the literature school of Gongan in the late Ming dynasty, Yuan Hongdao's thought on the Buddhism had influenced not merely his Buddhist contemporaries, but also impacted upon the development of Buddhist ideology to some degrees in the later era. Among all the writings of Yuan Hongdao, the ten-fascicle Western Coordinate Theory was the only work specializing in the Pure Land ideology, of which the first fascicle—"Chatumen" had noticeably focused on the researching of Pure Land Practice. Basing on this Pure Land ideology in the "Chatumen" of the Western Coordinate Theory, I want to delve into the inheritance and innovation of Yuan Hongdao's Pure Land thought.
As shown in his work—Coral Grove, Yuan Hongdao explained that the Western Coordinate Theory aims to reveal the meaning of Chan by means of Pure Land, because some people who value Chan practice always ignore Pure Land while the others who practice Pure Land despise Chan practice. Hence the coordinate commentating is requested. In other words, Yuan Hongdao attempted to harmonize the bias of the practitioners of Chan and Pure Land. To sum up, Yuan Hongdao stressed the practice of western Pure Land and aimed to deal with the issue of Chan practice. Just as what Yuan Zhongdao, Yuan Hongdao's younger brother, had said: "There are more and more people talking about wonderful enlightenment, but most of them do not practice." Thus the publication of the Western Coordinate Theory is right to reflect the epochal value of Yuan Hongdao’s Pure Land thought.
The ten kinds of Pure Land theory discussed in "Chatumen" is based on Huayan Elder－Li Tongxuan's Huayanjing Coordinate Theory, though certain canonical exegesis was also employed by Yuan Hongdao to contrast it. And Yuan Hongdao had uniquely focused on the western Pure Land to complement his innovative explanation of the ten kinds of Pure Land. In the course of explaining the ten kinds of Pure Land, Yuan Hongdao identified the western Pure Land as the final destination. And eventually, it successfully transcended Li Tongxuan's achievement in "The Ten Pure Land" theory's interpretation of "expedient" or "real" proposition. The tenth Pure Land was named "The Incredible Pure Land of Delivering All Sentient Beings in the Ten Directions" under Yuan Hongdao's explanation; it was also the final footnote of the western Pure Land. As the "Incredible" was explained, Yuan Hongdao applied it to promote the Western Pure Land as the most incredible Pure Land. |
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| 目次 | 一、前言 155
二、《西方合論》撰述的緣起及袁宏道的禪淨觀 156
三、《西方合論》之組織架構與〈剎土門〉之涵義 159
四、《西方合論．剎土門》之淨土義趣 164
五、結論 180 |
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| ISSN | 1026969X (P) |
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| ヒット数 | 680 |
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| 作成日 | 2020.02.17 |
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| 更新日期 | 2020.02.17 |
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