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一八九五年前台灣佛教的信仰型態=Taiwan Buddhists Beliefs before 1895 |
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| 著者 |
釋慧嚴 (著)=Shi, Hui-yan (au.)
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| 掲載誌 |
圓光佛學學報=Yuan Kuang Journal of Buddhist Studies
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| 巻号 | n.18 |
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| 出版年月日 | 2012.01 |
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| ページ | 1 - 24 |
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| 出版者 | 圓光佛學研究所=Yuan Kuang Buddhist College |
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| 出版サイト |
http://www.ykbi.edu.tw/
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| 出版地 | 桃園縣, 臺灣 [Taoyuean hsien, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| ノート | 作者單位：玄奘大學宗教系 |
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| キーワード | 鼓山湧泉寺=Gu Shan Yong Chien Temple; 台灣教報=Taiwan Jiao Bao; 西方公據=Si Fang Gong Ju; 妙蓮地華=Miao Lian Di Hua; 虛雲古巖=Su Yun Gu Yan |
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| 抄録 | 拙文探討一八九五年前台灣佛教的信仰型態，是引用佐佐木珍龍的田野調查，及淨土宗來台布教師的調查報告，即《從軍實歷夢遊談》、《台灣教報》、曹洞宗《宗報》、和淨土宗來台傳教師的報告《淨土教報》為主要史料依據，再以增田福太郎的《南島寺廟探訪記》、李添春的〈台灣佛教的特質〉、《台灣宗教調查報告書》等的資料為輔，以明清時期的佛教寺院－有寺無僧、僧侶的教育水準、僧侶的宗教生活為小題，來了解一八九五年以前的台灣佛教實況。探討的結果，知道一八九五年之前，台灣佛教乃至台灣人的信仰狀況，還有台灣佛教的文化。此佛教文化，不出清朝福建文化的領域。由於當時該地區的佛教界，教勢衰頹萎靡，影響所及，台灣佛教僧侶無知識者占絕對多數，整個佛教界僅有信仰，而無實際的修行及佛學學術的研究。這種現象倒映在日本來台布教師，尤其是隨軍入台的從軍布教師的眼中，台灣這個地方，好像是一座佛教未開發的園地，這塊園地正吸引著日本佛教界人士的目光，進而促使日本佛教各宗僧徒的來台。又當時的台灣佛教界，雖是有寺無僧，但這些寺廟卻是在進入日治時代乃至今日，台灣佛教僧侶慧命的寄居處，尤其是開元寺，可以說是台灣佛教的搖籃，今日的超峰寺派、竹溪寺派、在日治時代甚至今日，所培育出的僧侶，可說是支撐台灣佛教的重要命脈，值得我們注意。
This article discusses Taiwan Buddhist beliefs before 1895 and it quotes sources from Sasaki Sinryo’s field studies and reports of Japanese Buddhist monks (priests) affiliated to the pure land school. Those reports are Chong Jun Shi Li Meng You Tan, Taiwan Jiao Bao, Tsao-tung school Zong Bao and Jing Tu Jiao Bao. It also includes supporting documentaries such as Msutaro Tarou’s Nan Dao Shih Miao Tan Fang Ji and Li Tian Chun’s Taiwan Fo Jiao de Te Jhih and Taiwan Zong Jiao Bao Jao Shu. In addition, I will discuss the phenomena of Buddhist temples that operated without monks as well as the education levels and religious lives of monks during the Chin Dynasty era. The discussion of those phenomena aims to understand the true condition and culture of Taiwan Buddhism, which was confined within Fujian province before 1895.
Regressions in the development of Buddhism in this area resulted in the most Taiwanese Buddhist monks being illiterate. As a result, many Buddhist believers practiced their faith without receiving practical or academic instruction in the study of Buddhism. This condition attracted lots of Japanese monks to Taiwan. First those who arrived with the Japanese military and later other sects of Buddhist monks as word of the deteriorating condition of Buddhism in this area spread.
At that time temples affiliated to the Taiwan Buddhist society were always short of monks but they were still havens for Taiwanese monks during Japanese colonial times and remain so today, especially Kai Yung temple. It can be said that Kai Yuan Temple is the “cradle of Taiwanese Buddhism”.
Chao Fong and Chou Chi Temples, whether in Japanese colonial times or today, have trained many incredible monks who became the pillars of Taiwan Buddhism. They certainly deserve our attention.
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| 目次 | 前言 5
一、明清時期的佛教寺院－有寺無僧 5
二、僧侶的教育水準 10
三、僧侶的宗教生活 14
四、結論 23
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| ISSN | 16086848 (P) |
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| ヒット数 | 986 |
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| 作成日 | 2013.07.17 |
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| 更新日期 | 2017.08.09 |
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